Unit Two Flashcards by Catherine Laska

the power to govern would be divided between a national government and the states

Federal system

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an agreement in which each side agrees to give up something to get something more important

Compromise

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Goods sold to other countries

Export

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delegates chosen by each state to select the President and Vice President

Electoral college

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a group of people openly opposed to the Constitution because they felt that it gave too much power to the national government

Anti federalist

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a group that supported the Constitution with strong control at the national level

Federalist

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the people should have the right to rule themselves

Popular Sovereignty

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powers the Constitution specifically gives to the national government…Include, maintaining army, controlling immigration, etc.

Enumerated Powers

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powers that the Constitution gives to the states like setting up schools.

Reserved powers

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powers that the national and state government share

Concurrent Powers

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states that the Constitution and the laws of the national government are the supreme law of the land

Supremacy Clause

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Characteristics of the Writers of the Consitution

White men
Professions and business men
More than half were younger than 40
About half of the delegates went to college and graduated
Active in the state governments

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Representative in congress would be based on each state’s population, large states would have more votes

Virginia Plan

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States would have an equal number of representatives in congress

New Jersey Plan

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Proposed by Connecticut delegates, in one house, each state would have equal representation
In the other house, representation would be based on each state’s population

Great Compromise

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The southern states wanted slaves to be counted as part of their population so they created the

3/5 compromise

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The delegates decided that the constitution would become law when ____ of 13 states agreed to it

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Law of the US

Constitution

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Three branches of the national government

Legislative, executive, judicial

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States that congress is made of 2 houses; Senate and House of Reps LEGISLATIVE

Article One

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Explains duties of President and Vice President EXECUTIVE

Article Two

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States Supreme Court exists and it has powers JUDICIAL

Article Three

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explains relationship between the states and the national government FEDERALISIM

Article Four

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Tells how to amend the Constitution CHANGES

Article Five

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Miscellaneous stuff

Article Six

States that they needed 9 states to okay the Constitution RATIFICATION

Article Seven

Reject

Veto

Defeat

Override

Introduction

Preamble

Congress | Branch that makes laws

Legislative

President, Vice President, and their assistants | Branch that enforces the law

Executive

The court system and Supreme Court | Decides how the laws should be applied in individual cases

Judicial

system to keep any one of these three branches from becoming too powerful

Checks and balances

Two ways to change the Constitution

Amend, interpretation

Key to the success of the Constitution

It's flexible

Formal change to the Constitution

Amend

Two ways to Propose an Amendment

National convention called by the request of ⅔ of the states legislature’s A vote of ⅔ from both houses of Congress

Gives congress the power “to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper” to carry out its duties The clause also grants implied powers

Necessary and Proper Clause

Two ways to ratify an amendment

A vote in each state legislature ( 3/4 need 38) | Calling special state conventions

The final responsibilities for interpreting the Constitution are given to

The Supreme Court

Five basic freedoms protected by the first amendment

Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petitioning the government

The right to bear arms

Second Amendment

Limits the government's powers to force you to house soldiers, also known as quartering

Third Amendment

All about privacy: protects Americas from unreasonable searches and seizures

Fourth Amendment

legal document that allows enforcement officials to search a suspect's home and take specific items as evidence

Search warrant

All about protecting accused criminals: no one can be put on trial without first being indicted, or formally accused, by a group of citizens called a grand jury

Fifth Amendment

Double Jeopardy

Being trailed for the same crime twice

Protects against double jeopardy and protects a persons right to remain silent

Fifth Amendment

Requires that an individual be told the exact nature of the charges against them It also requires the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury

Sixth Amendment

Guarantees the right to a jury trial in a civil case, like suing someone or divorce court

Seventh Amendment

Forbids “excessive” bail and cruel and unusual punishment

Eighth Amendment

Makes clear that the right spelled out in the Constitution are not the only rights of the American people Freedom to chose our own friends, spouses, careers

Ninth Amendment

Any powers the Constitution does not specifically give to the national government are reserved for the states or for the people Set up schools or license lawyers

Tenth Amendment

Amendment that set the voting age to 18

26th Amendment

The right of government to take property for public use

Eminent domain

Poll taxes are made illegal in the

24th Amendment

Women now have suffrage

19th Amendment

The level of government that has the responsibility to make rules for marriage

State level

Formally accused

Indicted

Slavery has ended

13th Amendment

Only state to not send a candidate to the Constitutional Convention

Dang Rhode Island

Procedures established by law and gaureenteed by the Constiution

Due process of law

Principle that mad it possible to protect the rights of minority groups

Equal protection of law

Who has the power to make treaties and pardon criminals

The president

lying about another person to harm that person's reputation

Slander

Allowed voters to elect Senators directly

17th Amendment

granted residents of DC the right to vote for president and Vice President

23rd Amendment

Speech that will endanger the government like giving away military plans to the enemy

Treason

Publishing lies about others

Libel

Defined a US citizen as anyone born in the US or naturalized, Required every state to grant its citizens equal protection of the laws, Forbids state governments from interfering with the privileges or immunities of citizens of the US

14th Amendment

Granted African American MALES suffrage

15th Amendment

Unit Two Flashcards

(71 cards)