Unit one key terms

Question 1

Define growth

Answer 1

Variable across different parts of the body and can be measured

(e.g. height and weight)

Question 2

Define development

Answer 2

Complex changes which follow an orderly sequence

increasing in skill, capabilities

Question 3

Define milestone

Answer 3

Ability achieved by most children at a certain age

e.g. walking and talking

Question 4

Define development norms

Answer 4

Average set of expectations with respect to development

12 months = able to stand alone

Question 5

Define gross motor skill

Answer 5

Large movements involving the use of large muscles

(e.g. rolling over)

Question 6

Define fine motor skills

Answer 6

Smaller movements requiring precise direction and involving smaller muscles

(e.g. using a pencil)

Question 7

What is a palmer grasp

Answer 7

Fingers close of palm of hand when something is in it

(e.g. a finger)

Question 8

What is a pincer grasp

Answer 8

Using index finger and thumb to pick up small objects

(e.g. pushing buttons)

Question 9

What is a tripod grasp

Answer 9

Using thumb, index finger and middle fingers to grasp

(for pencil skills and buttons on clothes)

Question 10

Define puberty

Answer 10

Period of rapid change and growth preparing the body for sexual reproduction

Question 11

Define adolesence

Answer 11

Following the oneset of puberty where a young person develops from a child to an adult

Question 12

What are hormones

Answer 12

Chemical substances which pass through the bloodstream controlling or regulating body cells and organs

(e.g. sex hormones)

Question 13

What is a primary sexual characteristic?

Answer 13

Changes and development of reproductive organs

Question 14

What is a secondary sexual characteristic?

Answer 14

Outward/external signs of development

Question 15

Define maturity

Answer 15

Fully developed and physically grown

Question 16

What is the perimenopause transition?

Answer 16

When the ovaries stop producing eggs each month

Lasts four years

Question 17

What is the perimenopause transition?

Answer 17

When the ovaries stop producing eggs each month

Lasts four years

Question 18

What is menopause?

Answer 18

Termination of menestruation and reduction in the production of sex hormones

Question 19

Define object permanence

Answer 19

An object still exists even if a child cannot see it

Question 20

What is abstract logical thinking?

Answer 20

Solving problems using the imagination without seeing it physically

Question 21

What is egocentric thinking?

Answer 21

Not being able to see something from another persons point of view

Question 22

What is concrete logical thinking?

Answer 22

Solving problems in which an individual can see or physically handle

Question 23

What is a schema?

Answer 23

A category of kn0owledge as well as a process of aquiring knowledge

Question 24

What is disequilibrium?

Answer 24

When a schema is upset

Question 25

What is a language acquisition device?

Answer 25

Something a child is born with to recognise and develop the language in which they experience

Question 26

What is emotional literacy?

Answer 26

recognising, understanding and appropriately expressing emotion

Question 27

What is empathy?

Answer 27

Identifying with or understanding anothers situation or feelings

Question 28

What is attachment

Answer 28

A strong emotional connection between a child and a caregiver

Question 29

What is a self-concept?

Answer 29

combination of self esteem and self image

Question 30

What is solo play?

Answer 30

First stage of play (0-2) Infants have limited social, cognative and physical skills so learn by exploring their environment at their own pace

Question 31

What is parallel play?

Answer 31

Second stage of play (2-3) Playing alongside other children cannot share yet or take turns

Question 32

What is co-operative play?

Answer 32

Third stage of play (3+) Widening their social network group can ask to play and play with other children and build friendships

Question 33

What is an informal relationship?

Answer 33

Promoting positive self-concept prepares for development of intimate relationships

Question 34

What is a formal relationship?

Answer 34

They do not involve emotional attachment Positive relationships with family in childhood are likely to be successful in developing effective formal relationships

Question 35

Define nature

Answer 35

Genetic inheritance and other biological factors

Question 36

Define nurture

Answer 36

The influence of external factors after conception | social and environmental factors

Question 37

What is the stress diathesis model?

Answer 37

Stress (Nurture) + Diathesis (Nature) = Psychological and physical ill-health

Question 38

What is a genetic predisposition?

Answer 38

An inherited vulnerability to a certain condition

Question 39

What is a dysfunctional family?

Answer 39

A family that does not provide some or all of the benefits of a family

Question 40

What is a authoritive parenting style?

Answer 40

Not overly strict Respect authority Develop appropriate values and boundaries

Question 41

What is an authoritarian parenting style

Answer 41

High expectations Strict rules rebellious problematic

Question 42

What is a permissive parenting style?

Answer 42

Not many demands from their child reluctant to implementing rules or values lack of self-control experience problems managing relationships and adult responsabilities

Question 43

What is absolute poverty?

Answer 43

Cannot afford essential resources

Question 44

What is relative poverty?

Answer 44

Can afford basic resources but not much else

Question 45

What are predictable events

Answer 45

events that are expected to happen at a particular time which can be positive or negative

Question 46

What are unpredictable life events?

Answer 46

Events that happen unexpectedly and can have serious physical and psychological effects which can be positive or negative