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Health And Social Unit 1 > Unit One - Physical Development > Flashcards

Unit One - Physical Development Flashcards

1
Q

Define growth

A

Variable across different parts of the body

Measured in quantity (e.g height, weight)

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2
Q

Define development

A

Follow an orderly sequence

Increase in skills, abilities and capabilities

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3
Q

What are the life stage ages?

A

Infancy: 0-2
Early childhood: 3-8
Adolescent: 9-18
Early adulthood: 19-45
Middle adulthood: 46-65
Later adulthood: 65+

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4
Q

Define milestone

A

An ability achieved by most children by a certain age

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5
Q

Define development norms

A

A description of an average set of expectations with respect to a young childs development

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6
Q

What is a gross motor skill

A

Large movements that involve using the large muscles in the body

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7
Q

Fine motor skills

A

Smaller movements which require precise direction

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8
Q

Palmar grasp

A

Appears at birth

Fingers will close and will grasp with palm

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9
Q

Pincer grasp

A

Grasp with fingers (index and thumb)

9-12 months

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10
Q

Key milestones in infancy

A

Sitting up - (6 months)
Standing - (8-10 months)
Cruising - (8-10 months)
Walking - (12-13 months)

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11
Q

what skills are learnt by three years old

A
  • use pedals to ride a tricycle
  • balance on one foot for a second
  • run
  • turn pages of a book
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12
Q

What skills are learnt by four years old

A
  • kick
  • throw a large ball
  • manipulate small objects with fingers
  • tripod grip
  • hand eye co-ordination develops
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13
Q

Skills learnt by 5 years old

A

Walk on a line
Write their own name
Hop on each foot separately
Cut out simple shapes

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14
Q

Skills by 6yrs

A

Skips

Ride a bike

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15
Q

Skills by 7yrs

A

Run forwards and backwards

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16
Q

What skills are learnt by the age of 8yrs

A

Good strength and body co-ordination
Take part in many sports
Joined up writing

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17
Q

Define puberty

A

A period of rapid growth during which a young person reaches sexual maturation and become able to reproduce

18
Q

What age range is adolescence?

A

9-18yrs

19
Q

What are hormones?

A

Chemical substabnces which are produced in the body and transported in the blood stream

20
Q

Define primary sexual characteristics

A

Changes and development orf reproductive organs

e.g. penis gets larger

21
Q

Define secondary sexual characteristics

A

Outward/external signs of development

e.g. shoulders broaden

22
Q

State two primary sexual characteristics in a female

A

Uterus largens and vagina lengthens, ovaries begin to release eggs, menestrual cycle commences

23
Q

State two primary sexual characteristics in a male

A

Spontaneous erections and testicles begin producing sperm

24
Q

State two secondary sexual characteristics in a female

A

Hips widen, breasts develop, hair grows in armpits

25
Q

State two secondary sexual characteristics in a male

A

Changes in larynx causing voice to deepen, hair grows, redistribution of muscle tissue and fat

26
Q

Define maturity

A

Fully developed and physiocally grown (all PIES)

27
Q

When does maturity occur

(Life stage where everything is at its peak)

A

Early adulthood

28
Q

What is the specific age of when an individual is at their peak of development?

A

19-28

29
Q

What are some physical effects of pregnancy?

A

Back pain, cravings, swolen feet, sickness, aching, acid reflux

30
Q

What are some intellectual effects of pregnancy?

A

depression effects, gain more knowledge, research about pregnancy, learn about bodily changes which can occur

31
Q

What are some emotional effects of pregnancy?

A

Anxious, sad, excited, very happy, daunting, post-natal depression

32
Q

What are some social effects of pregnancy?

A

see friends less which can lead to feeling isolated, meet new peoiple in a similar situation

33
Q

State four physical effects of perimenopause:

A

Hot flushes/night sweats, loss of libido, vaginal dryness

34
Q

What are some intellectual effects of perimenopause?

A

stress, not focused, concentration decreases

35
Q

What are some emotional effects of perimenopause?

A

anxiety, relief, depressed, embarrased, self esteem drops

36
Q

state some positive changes of entering middle adulthood:

A

exercise more, pick up new hobbies, grandchildren, more time to socialise, relationships

37
Q

What are some of the negative effects of entering middle adulthood?

A

menopause, frailer bones, illness, wrinkles, shrinking, less stimulated, vision issues, self image decines

38
Q

What age does menopause generally occur?

A

between 45 and 55

39
Q

State four effects of menopause:

A

Irregular menestrual cycle, reduction in sex hormones, loss of libido, problems associated with osteoporosis, mood changes, anxiety

40
Q

What is the age range for later adulthood?

A

65+

41
Q

What are the effects of ageing in later adulthood?

A

weaker immune system, thinner hair, loss of stamina, altzheimers, loss of height, loss of bladder control

Health And Social Unit 1 (7 decks)

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