Units 6 muscles of the superior limbs

Question 1

supraspinatus muscles

Answer 1

origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus action: abduct superior limb at the shoulder joint

Question 2

infraspinatus muscle

Answer 2

Origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus Action:extend shoulder joint, rotate brachium laterally (externally)

Question 3

teres minor muscle

Answer 3

Origin:lateral border of the scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus Action: adduct superior limb at shoulder joint, rotate brachium laterally (externally)

Question 4

teres major muscle

Answer 4

Origin: inferior angle of the scapula Insertion: medial border of the inter tubercular groove of the humerus Action: extend shoulder joint, adduct superior limb at shoulder joint, rotate brachium medially (internally)

Question 5

subscapularis muscle

Answer 5

Origin: sub scapular fossa Insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus Action: rotate brachium medially ( internally)

Question 6

Deltoideus muscle

Answer 6

Origin: acromial extremity of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: flex and extend shoulder joint, rotate brachium (both medially and laterally) abduct superior limb at shoulder joint

Question 7

coracobrachialis muscle

Answer 7

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: medial aspect of the body of the humerus Action: flex shoulder joint, adduct superior limb at shoulder joint

Question 8

biceps brachii muscle

Answer 8

prominent muscle on the anterior aspect of the brachium

Question 9

long head of the biceps brachii muscle

Answer 9

Origin: next of the scapula Insertion: tuberosity of the radius, deep antebrachial fascia via bicipital Action: flex elbow joint, flex shoulder joint and supinate antebrachium

Question 10

short head of the biceps brachii muscle

Answer 10

Origin: coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: tuberosity of the radius, deep antebrachial fascia via bicipital Action: flex elbow joint, flex shoulder joint and supinate antebrachium

Question 11

bicipital aponeurosis

Answer 11

flat tendinous sheet of the biceps brachii muscle near the elbow that diverges medially from the main tendon and blends into the deep antebrachial fascia

Question 12

brachialis muscle

Answer 12

Origin: anterior aspect of the body of the humerus Insertion: coronoid process of the ulna Action: flex elbow joint

Question 13

brachioradialis muscle

Answer 13

Origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus Insertion: base of styloid process of the radius Action: flex elbow joint, supinate antebrachium (from pronated position) and pronate antebrachium (from supinated position)

Question 14

posterior muscles of the brachium

Answer 14

two muscles both extend the elbow join and both insert on the olecranon of the ulna

Question 15

triceps brachii muscle

Answer 15

large muscle which occupies most posterior brachial region. has 3 heads

Question 16

long head of the triceps brachii muscle

Answer 16

Origin: lateral border of the scapula Insertion:olecranon of the ulna Action: extend elbow joint, extend shoulder joint (long head) adduct superior limb at shoulder joint (long head)

Question 17

medial head of the triceps brachii muscle

Answer 17

Origin: medial and posterior aspects of the humerus Insertion: olecranon of the ulna Action: extend elbow joint, extend shoulder joint (long head) adduct superior limb at shoulder joint (long head)

Question 18

lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle

Answer 18

Origin: lateral and posterior aspects of the humerus Insertion: olecranon of the ulna Action: extend elbow joint, extend shoulder joint (long head) adduct superior limb at shoulder joint (long head)

Question 19

ancones muscle

Answer 19

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: olecranon of the ulna Action: extend cubital joint

Question 20

anterior muscles of the antebrachium

Answer 20

9 muscles occupy the anteromedial aspect of the antebrachium

Question 21

flexor carpi radialis muscle

Answer 21

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: anterior aspect of the bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones Action: flex carpal joint, abduct manus at carpal joint

Question 22

palmaris longus muscle

Answer 22

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: carpal flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis Action: flex carpal joint

Question 23

superficial digital flexor muscle

Answer 23

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, coronoid process of the ulna, proximal aspect of the radius Insertion: middle phalanges of the digits 2,3,4 & 5 Action: flex carpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5

Question 24

deep digital flexor muscle

Answer 24

Origin: proximal aspect of the ulna Insertion: base of the distal phalanges of digits 2,3,4, & 5 Action: flex carpal joints and digital joints of digits 2-5

Question 25

flexor pollicis longus muscle

Answer 25

Origin: anterior aspect of the radial body Insertion: distal phalanx of pollex Action: flex digital joints of pollex

Question 26

flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

Answer 26

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus, olecranon and body of the ulna Insertion: pisiform bone, hamulus of the hamate bone, base of the 5th metacarpal bone Action: flex carpal joint, adduct manus at carpal joint

Question 27

pronator teres muscle

Answer 27

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus and medial side of coronoid process of the ulna Insertion: lateral side of the middle aspect of body of the radius Action:pronate the manus

Question 28

pronator quadratus muscle

Answer 28

Origin: distal, anterior aspect of the body of the ulna Insertion: distal, anterior aspect of body of the radius Action: pronate the manus

Question 29

supinator muscle

Answer 29

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: body of the radius Action: supinate the manus

Question 30

posterior muscles of the antebrachium

Answer 30

9 muscles occupy posterolateral aspects of the antebrachium.

Question 31

extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

Answer 31

Origin: lateral supracondylar crest of the humerus Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of the second metacarpal bone Action: extend carpal joint, abduct manus at the carpal joint

Question 32

extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle

Answer 32

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of the 3rd metacarpal bone Action: extend carpal joint, abduct manus at the carpal joint

Question 33

Distal extensor muscle

Answer 33

Origin: lateral epicondyle o the humerus Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2,3,4 &5 Action: extend carpal joint extend interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5

Question 34

extensor digiti minimi muscle

Answer 34

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: fuses with tendon digital extensor distributed to the 5th digit; proximal phalanx of the 5th finger Action: extend carpal joint, extend digital joints of digit 5

Question 35

extensor carpi ulnas muscle

Answer 35

Origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus; proximal, posterior aspect of the body of the ulna Insertion: base of the 5th metacarpal bone Action: extend carpal joint, adduct manus at carpal joint

Question 36

abductor pollicis longus muscles

Answer 36

Origin: aspects of the radial and ulnar bodies Insertion: lateral side of base of the 1st metacarpal bone Action: extend digital joints of the thumb, abduct thumb at its carpometacarpal joint

Question 37

extensor pollicis brevis muscle

Answer 37

Origin: posterior aspect of the body of radius and antebrachial interosseous membrane Insertion: dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the thumb Action: extend metacarpophalangeal joins of the thumb, abduct them at metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 38

extensor pollicis longus muscle

Answer 38

Origin: posterior aspect of body of the ulna and antebrachial interosseous membrane Insertion: dorsal aspect of the distal phalanx of the thumb Action: extend distal joint of the thumb, abduct them at its metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 39

extensor indicis muscle

Answer 39

Origin: posterior aspect of body of the ulna Insertion: dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanx of index finger Action: extend the 2nd metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 40

muscles of the sholder and scapula

Question 41

anterior muscles of the brachium

Answer 41

3 muscles have one action in common: flexion of the cubital joint