Universe 7&8 Flashcards
(157 cards)
1
Q
No of solar eclipse a yr
A
1-2
2
Q
Mercury also called
A
Budh
3
Q
When was universe formed
A
20 billion yrs ago
4
Q
No of stars in Milky Way is
A
100 billion stars, 10^11
5
Q
Largest moon of Uranus
A
Titania
6
Q
Largest moon of Neptune
A
Triton
7
Q
Name the five largest moons
A
Ganymede,titan,Callisto,lo,moon,triton
8
Q
Light yr
A
9.46 x 10^12 km
9
Q
No of moons for Saturn
A
53- confirmed,9- unconfirmed
10
Q
Sun gravity …….. times that of 🌏
A
28
11
Q
Neptune also called
A
Varun
12
Q
Saturn also called
A
Shani
13
Q
Comets are found in
A
Oort belt
14
Q
Asteroids location
A
Between mars and Jupiter
15
Q
No of stars in ursa major, Orion, Cygnus
A
7,7,5
16
Q
Venus also called
A
Shukra
17
Q
Name 4 satellites discovered by gallileo
A
Ganymede,Callisto,lo,europa
18
Q
Main element in mercury
A
Iron
19
Q
No of rings in Saturn
A
3
20
Q
Uranus size
A
64 earths
D- 4x that of earth
21
Q
Largest asteroid
A
Ceres has a diameter of 1000 km
22
Q
No of satellites for Neptune
A
13- confirmed,1- unconfirmed
23
Q
2 types of lunar eclipse
A
Penumbral and umbral lunar eclipse
24
Q
Asteroids are also called
A
Minor planets
25
Colour of Uranus and why it's caused
Blue green,hydrogen and methane
26
Mercury revolution
88 days
27
Spinning neutron star
Pulsar
28
Largest moon of Jupiter
Ganymede
29
Clouds of Venus are made of
Sulphuric acid
30
Distance between earth and sun
150 crore km,8.3min
31
2moons of mars
Phobos and Deimos
32
Meteors are ....... like objects
Stone
33
Diameter and mass of mars in comparison to 🌏
D- more than half
| Mass-one tenth
34
Largest moon of Saturn
Titan
35
Distance of Sirius and alpha centaury from earth
8.7,4.3
36
No of moons for Jupiter
50- confirmed,17- unconfirmed
37
Galleys comet appears every ...............yr last seen in .................. yr
76,1986
38
No of satellites for Uranus
27
39
Composition of sun
Hydrogen-93% , helium-5%, heavier elements-2%
40
Layers of sun from in to out
Core,radioactive zone,convective zone,photosphere,chromosphere,corona
41
Uranus also called
Arun
42
Lunar month or sidereal month( time taken by moon to complete one revolution around earth )
27.3 days
43
Lunar phase or synodic month
29 . 5 days
44
Observable universe length is
93 billion light yrs
45
Mass of sun in the solar system
98%
46
The temperature of the core of the sun is
15 million °c
| Surface is 5600 °c
47
4 types of solar eclipse
Total
Annular
Partial
Hybrid
48
In total solar eclipse
Sun is completely covered by moon
49
In annular solar eclipse
The moon is farther away from earth compared to total eclipse , so a bright ring of sunlight is visible
50
In partial solar eclipse
Sun is partially covered by moon . Covered by penumbral part
51
What do you mean by magnitude of a solar eclipse
The fraction of part of the sun covered by the moon
52
Depending on where you are how can you determine an eclipse
If you are in the umbra of moon's shadow
| - total solar eclipse etc.
53
If you are in umbra of the moon's shadow
Total solar eclipse
54
If you are in penumbra of moons shadow
Partial solar eclipse
55
Total lunar eclipse?
When moon is entirely covered by the umbra of the umbra of the earth
56
Partial lunar eclipse ?
Only part of the moon is covered by the earths umbra, rest covered by the penumbra
57
Penumbral lunar eclipse?
the penumbra covers all or part of the Moon, the umbra misses it.
58
No of galaxies in universe
100 billion
59
No of stars in galaxies
100 billion
60
Jovian planets
Jupiter , Saturn , Uranus, Neptune
61
4 types of satellites based on the type of orbit they are in
Low Earth
Sun-synchronous
Geosynchronous
Geostationary
62
Geosynchronous satellites
Those satellites placed into orbit so that their period of rotation exactly matches the Earth's rotation.
63
Geostationary satellites
Are geosynchronous satellites but follows the equatorial plane of earth
64
Low earth orbit satellites
For military purposes goes round the eart in 90 minutes
65
Albert Einstein discovered relation between space and time and discovered the space time continuum
More the space covered the smaller is the rate at which time travels.
It means for an object at rest time will move at a very fast rate and
For a object at motion time will move slowly
66
If the motion of an object reaches the speed of light
The time will slow down until time stops flowing for the object
And if the speed increases speed of light you will travel to the past
67
How is flow of time affected by gravity
Stronger the gravitational pull slower the time flows
68
How can you travel to the past if you can't reach speed of light
Then through wormholes which connect different space time continuum
69
How can you travel to the future
By revolving around a place with lot of gravity like black holes and coming back to earth . As for the object travelling around the black hole time will flow very slowly due to the gravity
70
Expansion of the universe is accelerated by an unknown force called
dark energy
71
Radiation from black hole
Hawking radiation
72
The alpha centauri star star system consists of 3 stars -
Alpha Centauri A
Alpha Centauri B (A and B form binary stars)
Alpha Centauri C or called Proxima Centauri
73
1 parsec is is
3.26 light years
74
Blue stars are more hot than yellow stars, which is more hot than red stars?
The more hot an object the higher is the frequency of its radiation
75
1 parsec
3.26 light yrs
76
One Light minute
18 x 10 raised to 6 km
77
Sun’s surface temp
6000 °C
78
Why do stars twinkle
This is because we look at stars through air which is constantly blowing , so we receive their light as unsteady and they appear to twinkle.
79
Pole star also called
Polaris or Dhruva tara
80
Pole star always points to the
North
81
Time taken by light to reach earth
8.3 minutes
82
Distance btw Earth and Sun
149,400,000 km
| Approx 150 million km
83
Alpha centauri and Earth distance
4.3 light yrs = 40.678 x 10*12
84
No of galaxies in universe
100 billion (10*11)
85
Each galaxy has how many stars
100 billion stars
86
Total no of stars in universe
10*22
87
Who divided galaxies into 3 categories
Hubble
88
Hubble ?
American astronomer
89
3 categories of galaxies
Spiral
Elliptical
Irregular
90
Spiral galaxies diameter
20,000 to 100,000 light yrs
91
80% of the total no of galaxies are ...... in shape
Spiral
92
Spiral galaxies have a well defined .... and a large ............ composed of stars
Nucleus
| Spheroidal halo
93
18% of the total no of galaxies are ........ in shape
Elliptical
94
Elliptical galaxies are divided into .... categories based on .........
8
Flattening
The categories are E0 to E7.
E0 galaxies are nearly spherical
E7 galaxies are highly flattened
95
Elliptical galaxies are less ...... than spherical galaxies
Luminous.
| This is because they are mostly composed of red and yellow stars.
96
Irregular galaxies form ... % of the total no of galaxies
2%
97
In irregular galaxies there are
Lot of dust and blue stars
98
Milky Way comes from
A Greek word Gala
99
Diameter of Milky Way galaxy
10*5 light yrs
100
Central thickness of Milky Way galaxy
10*4 light yrs
101
Sun is situated at a distance of ....... from the centre of the Milky Way galaxy
2.7 x 10*4 light yrs
102
Thickness of the Milky Way disc near the sun
1000 light yrs
103
Interstellar matter
Dust and gases filled between the stars in galaxies
104
90% of interstellar matter is
Hydrogen (H2)
105
Mass of Milky Way galaxy
3 x 10*41 kg
106
All stars complete one revolution through the galactic centre of the Milky Way in
300 x 10*6 years
107
No of constellations that we know
88
108
One of the largest star of Orion
Betalgeuse
109
Orion visible during
Winters in northern hemisphere
110
Rusa major is visible during
Summers
111
Rusa minor vs Ursa Major
Ursa minor -
Stars more close and less bright
Last star is the pole star itself
112
Ursa Minor is visible in
Summers
113
Cassiopeia is visible in the
Northern hemisphere in winter in early part of night.
114
No of Moons for different planets
```
Mars - 2
Jupiter - 63
Saturn - 34
Uranus - 27
Neptune - 13
```
115
Mass and diameter comparison of moon and earth
Mass - 1/4
| Mass - 1/81
116
Distance btw Earth and moon
3,84,400
117
Time taken by the moon to revolve around the Earth
27 days and 7 hrs.
118
........... after every new moon day is the full moon day
2 weeks
119
First Indian satelite
Aryabhatta
120
Big Bang occurred
15 million yrs ago
121
Largest asteroid
Ceres whose diameter is 1003 km
122
Scorpius has how many stars
7
123
Scorpius visible during
Summers
124
Brightest star in Orión constellation
Rigel
125
Betelgeuse is also called
Alpha Oris
126
Comet’s orbit shape
Elliptical
127
The belt of the Orion points to the star
Sirius
128
Ursa Major also called
Vrihat Septarishi
129
2nd densest planet after Earth
Mars
130
Dwarf planets e.g.
Ceres
Eris
MakeMake
Haumea
131
Neptune completes one revolution in
165 yrs
132
Speed of Neptune’s winds
2000 km/hr
133
Mars temperature
-120 to 25°C
134
First spacecraft to visit Mars
Mariner 4 in 1965
135
In ancient times Venus was thought as 2 different bodies
Eosphorus - morning star
| Hesperus - evening star
136
Saturn was first visited by
NASA’s Pioneer 11 in 1979
137
Rings of Saturn were made of
Ice and dust.(3)
138
Uranus revolution period
84 yrs
139
No of rings for Uranus
13
140
Brightest ring of Uranus
Epsilon ring
141
Diameter comparison of Sun and earth
109 times more
142
Mass comparison of Sun and earth
333,000 times as heavy as Earth
143
Sunspots have a temp of
4000°C
144
Areas on surface of the sun where hot gases shoot outward
Prominences
145
Venus reflects ..... of the light
3/4
146
Most common planet that appears in east before sunrise and west before sunset
Venus
147
Saturn’s rings were first observed by
Galileo Galilee
148
Name comet means
A hairy star
149
Tail of comets could be as long as
800 million km
150
Solstices
Spring - 21 March
Summer - 21 June
Autumn - 23 September
Winter - 22 December
151
1 hectare is how many acres
2.5 acres (approx.)
152
Distance btw Mercury and Sun
58 million km
153
Sun present age
5 billion yrs old and is expected to live for another 5 billion yrs
154
1 hectare is how many acres
2.5 acres (approx.)
155
Distance btw Mercury and Sun
58 million km
156
Sun present age
5 billion yrs old and is expected to live for another 5 billion yrs
157
Diameter of moon
3.475 km
