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X. MRCS: Anatomy > Upper Arm & Shoulder > Flashcards

Upper Arm & Shoulder Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Borders of the axilla

A

Apex (axillary inlet): lateral border of 1st rib, superior border of scapula, posterior border of clavicle
Lateral: inter tubercular groove of humerus
Medial: serratus anterior and thoracic wall
Anterior: pec major, pec minor, subclavius
Posterior: subscapularis, teres major, latissiumus dorsi

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2
Q

Contents of the axilla

A 
Axillary artery (and branches)
Axillary vein (and tributaries)
Axillary lymph nodes
Brachial plexus (and branches)
Biceps brachii
Corracobrachialis
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3
Q

Passageways exiting the axilla

A

inferior and lateral (into the upper limb)
Quadrangular space
Clavipectoral triangle

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4
Q

Borders of the quadrangular space

A

Superior: teres minor
Inferior: teres major
Lateral: neck of humerus
Medial: long head of triceps brachii

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5
Q

Contents of the quadrangular space

A

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

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6
Q

Borders of the clavipectoral triangle

A

Superior lateral: deltoid
Superior medial: clavicle
Inferior: pectoralis major

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7
Q

Content of the clavipectoral triangle

A

Cephalic vein
Medal pectoral nerve
Lateral pectoral nerve

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8
Q

Parts of the brachial plexus

A 
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
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9
Q

Roots of the brachial plexus

A 
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
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10
Q

Trunks of the brachial plexus

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

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11
Q

Divisions of the brachial plexus

A

Anterior

Posterior

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12
Q

Cords of the brachial plexus

A

Lateral
Posterior
Medial

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13
Q

Branches of the brachial plexus

A 
Musculocutaneous nerve
Axillary nerve
Median nerve
Radial nerve
Ulnar nerve
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14
Q

Pathway of Musculocutanous nerve

A

Root: C5/C6/C7
Trunk: Superior/Middle
Divisions: Anterior
Cords: Lateral

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15
Q

Innervations of the Musculocutanous nerve

A

Motor: Biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis
Sensory: lateral Antebrachial cutaneous nerve

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16
Q

Pathway of the axillary nerve

A

Root: C5/C6
Trunk: Superior
Divisions: Posterior
Cords: Posterior

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17
Q

Innervations of the axillary nerve

A

Motor: deltoid, teres minor
Sensory: axillary superior lateral cutaneous nerve

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18
Q

Pathway of the Median nerve

A

Roots: C6/C7/C8/T1
Trunks: Superior, middle, inferior
Divisions: anterior
Cords: lateral, medial

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19
Q

Innervations of the median nerve

A

Forearm:
Muscular branches: FCR, PL, FDS
Ant. interosseous: FPL, FDP (lat 1/2), PQ
Sensory: palmar cutaneous nerve

Hand:
Muscular (recurrent): OP, AbPB, FPB
Digital cutaneous: Lumbricals (1&2MTC)
Sensory: thumb, 1st & 2nd digits, 1/2 of ring

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20
Q

Pathway of the Radial nerve

A

Roots: C5/C6/C7/C8/T1
Trunks: superior/middle/lateral
Divisions: posterior
Cords: posterior

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21
Q

Innervations of the radial nerve

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A

Muscular branches: triceps brachii, anconeous, brachioradialis, ECRL, ECRB

Deep branch: Supinator, ED, EDM, ECU
Post. interosseous: AdPL, EPB, EPL, EIP

Sensation: dorsum of 3.5 lateral digits and hand

22
Q

Pathway of the ulnar nerve

Study These Flashcards
A

Roots: C8/T1
Trunks: Inferior
Divisions: anterior
Cords: medial

23
Q

Innervations of the Ulnar nerve

Study These Flashcards
A

Muscular branches: FCU, FDP (medial 1/2)

Hand muscles: palmaris brevis, AbDM, FDMB, ODM, AdP

24
Q

Addition branches of the brachial plexus

Study These Flashcards
A

C5-C7 roots: Long thoracic nerve
C5 root: dorsal scapular nerve
Superior trunk: suprascapular nerve, nerve to subclavius
Lateral & medial cords: lateral pectoral nerve
Medial cord: medial pectoral nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of arm, medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
Posterior cord: upper sub scapular nerve, thoracodorsal nerve, lower subscapular nerve

25
Muscles of the pectoral region
Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Subclavius
26
Pectoralis Major
2 heads: clavicular/sternocostal Origin: clavicular: medial clavicle, sternocostal: ant. surface of sternum/superior 6 costal cartilage, aponeurosis of external oblique Insertion: inter tubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: lateral & medial pectoral nerves Function: adducts and medially rotates upper limb, flexes upper limb
27
Pectoralis minor
Origin: 3rd-5th rubs Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Innervation: medial pectoral n. Function: stabilises scapula, drawing it ant/inf against thoracic wall
28
Serratus Anterior
Origin: lateral aspect of 1st-8th ribs Insertion: costal surface of medial border of scapula Innervation: long thoracic n. Function: rotates scapula allowing arm to be raised over 90. Holds scapula against rib cage
29
Subclavius
Origin: junction of 1st rib & costal cartilage Insertion: inferior surface of middle third of clavicle Innervation: nerve to subclavius Function: anchors and depresses clavicle
30
Muscles of the shoulder region
Extrinsic: Superficial: trapezius, latissimus dorsi Deep: levator scapulae, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor Intrinsic: Deltoid, teres minor Rotator cuff: teres major, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis
31
Trapezius
Origin: skull, nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T12 Insertion: clavicle, acromion, scapula spine Innervation: accessory nerve Function: elevates scapula, retracts scapula
32
Latissimus Dorsi
Origin: spinous process T7-T12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, inferior 3 ribs Insertion: intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve Function: extends, adducts and medially rotates upper limb
33
Levator scapulae
Origin: transverse process C1-C4 Insertion: medial border or scapula Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve Function: elevates scapula
34
Rhomboid major
Origin: spinous process T2-T5 Insertion: medial border of scapula Innervation: dorsal scapula nerve Function: retracts and rotates scapula
35
Rhomboid minor
Origin: spinous process C7-T1 Insertion: medial border of scapula Innervation: dorsal scapula n. Function: retracts and rotates scapula
36
Deltoid
Can be divided into anterior, middle, posterior Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity on lateral aspect of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Function: ant: flexion/medial rotation. middle: abduction. post: extension/lateral rotation
37
Teres Major
Origin: posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula Insertion: medial lip of inter tubercular groove of humerus Innervation: lower subscapular nerve Function: adducts and extends shoulder, medially rotates arm
38
Teres minor
Origin: post. surface of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Function: laterally rotates arm
39
Suprasinatus
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: suprascapula n. Function: abducts arm 0-15, assists deltoid 15-90
40
Infraspinatus
Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: supra scapular n. Function: lateral rotates arm
41
Subscapularis
Origin: subscapularis fossa Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Innervation: upper & lower subscapular n. Function: medial rotation of arm
42
Muscle compartments of the upper arm
Anterior | Posterior
43
Muscles of the anterior compartment of the upper arm
Biceps Brachii Brachialis Coracobrachialis
44
Muscles of the posterior compartment of the upper arm
Triceps Brachii
45
Biceps Brachii
2 headed muscle. Origin: long head: supraglenoid tubercle, short head: coracoid process Insertion: radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm (bicipital aponeurosis) Innervation: musculocutaneous n. Function: supination of forearm, flexion at elbow and shoulder
46
Brachialis
Origin: medial and lateral surface of humeral shaft Insertion: ulnar tuberosity Innervation: musculocutanous n. Function: flexion at elbow
47
Coracobrachialis
Origin: coracoid process Insertion: medial side of humeral shaft Innervation: musculocutanous n. Function: flexion of arm at shoulder
48
Triceps Brachii
``` 3 heads: medial, long, lateral Origin: long: infraglenoid tubercle. Lateral: humerus, superior to radial groove. medial: humerus, inf. to radial groove Insertion: olecranon of ulnar Innervation: radial n. Function: extension of arm at elbow ```
49
Shoulder joint
Ball and socket joint | Head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula
50
Bursae of the shoulder joint
Subacromial Subscapular Subcoracoid
51
Ligaments of the shoulder joint
``` Glenohumeral ligaments Coracohumeral ligament Transverse humeral ligament Coracoclavicular ligament Coracoacromial ligament ```

X. MRCS: Anatomy (18 decks)

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