Upper Extremity

Question 1

What is the Shoulder Girdle made of?

Answer 1

Clavicle + Scapula + Proximal Humerus

Question 2

What are the 3 marks of the clavicles?

Answer 2

Sternal and Acromial ends & Body

Question 3

What are the two curves of the clavicle and where are they located?

Answer 3

-Convex anteriorly at sternal end
-Concave anteriorly at acromial end

Question 4

T/F

-When you go more medially in a sagittal image, the clavicle becomes more dense and larger; can see the articulation between the manubrium

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is the scapula divided by?

Answer 5

scapular spine

Question 6

What fossa is loctated on the superior part of the clavicle?

Answer 6

superior=supraspinous fossa

Question 7

What fossa is located on the inferior part of the scapula?

Answer 7

inferior=infraspinous fossa-divided by the spine

Question 8

What fossa is located on the anterior part of the scapula?

Answer 8

anterior side=subscapular fossa

Question 9

T/F

The scapula runs diagonally and expands out

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Where is the scapular notch located in relation to the coracoid?

Answer 10

Medial to the coracoid

Question 11

What nerve is travels along the scapular notch?

Answer 11

suprascapular nerve

Question 12

T/F

Sometimes the superior margin of the scapular notch is more prominent

Answer 12

True

Question 13

What does the Scapular spine divide?

Answer 13

Divides the posterior region into the infraspinous and supraspinous fossa

Question 14

What is the origin of the deltoid?

Answer 14

clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

Question 15

Where does the deltoid insert?

Answer 15

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Question 16

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 16

S – Supraspinatus
I – Infraspinatus
T – Teres minor
S – Subscapularis

Question 17

Where does the supraspinatus muscles lie?

Answer 17

lies in the supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Question 18

Where does the tendon of the Supraspinatus Muscle insert?

Answer 18

Tendon inserts into the humeral head (greater tubercle).

Question 19

What shape is the Infraspinatus Muscle?

Answer 19

Triangular

Question 20

Where does the tendon of the Infraspinatus Muscle insert?

Answer 20

Tendon inserts on to the greater tubercle of the humerus.

Question 21

Where does the teres minor muscle lie?

Answer 21

Lies along the inferior border of the infraspinatus muscle

Question 22

Where does the teres minor muscle originate?

Answer 22

axillary border of the scapula

Question 23

Where does the teres minor muscle insert?

Answer 23

inserts on to the greater tubercle

Question 24

What is the only muscle of the rotator cuff located on the anterior surface of the scapula?

Answer 24

Subscapularis

Question 25

Where does the subscapularis originate?

Answer 25

subscapular fossa

Question 26

Where does the subscapularis insert?

Answer 26

lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 27

# T/F The subscapularis runs lateral from the shoulder

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the shape of the Trapezius muscle?

Answer 28

Large, triangular muscle

Question 29

What does the Trapezius cover?

Answer 29

Covers the posterior aspect of the neck and superior half of the trunk

Question 30

Where does the Trapezius insert?

Answer 30

Inserts into the clavicle, acromion & scapular spine

Question 31

What does the Trapezius Connect the upper limbs to and via what?

Answer 31

Connects upper limbs to the cranium via the external occipital protuberance (buldge at the back of your skull) and to the vertebral column via the spinous processes of C7 – T12.

Question 32

# T/F The trapezius is quite superficial

Answer 32

True

Question 33

How can we say that the infraspinatus is not the supraspinatus in this image?

Answer 33

We are into the glenohumeral joint; and the supraspinatus runs above that joint

Question 34

What does the proximal humerus articulate with?

Answer 34

Articulates with the scapula

Question 35

What is the proximal end of the humerus formed by?

Answer 35

Proximal end formed by the head of the humerus

Question 36

What are the tubercles of the humerus seperated by?

Answer 36

intertubercular groove

Question 37

What are the two necks of the proximal humerus?

Answer 37

anatomic and surgical

Question 38

What muscles are contained within the ventral group of the upper arm?

Answer 38

contains the biceps brachii and the brachialis

Question 39

What muscles are contained within the dorsal group of the upper arm?

Answer 39

contains the triceps brachii

Question 40

How are the upper arm muscles divided?

Answer 40

ventral and dorsal groups according to their position

Question 41

Where are the two heads of the biceps brachii located?

Answer 41

Located proximally on the humerus

Question 42

Where does the tendon of the long head arise from and where does it travel to meet with the tendon of the short head?

Answer 42

From the supraglenoid tubercle and courses through the intertubercular groove to merge with the tendon of the short head.

Question 43

Where does the short head of the biceps brachii arise from?

Answer 43

The coracoid process and join with the long head to form the biceps brachii muscle.

Question 44

What does the biceps brachii terminate into?

Answer 44

Terminates in two tendons

Question 45

Where does the stronger tendon of the biceps brachii insert into?

Answer 45

The stronger one inserts into the radial tuberosity.

Question 46

Where does the brachialis muscle originate?

Answer 46

From the anterior surface of the distal humerus

Question 47

What does the brachialis muscle cover?

Answer 47

The anterior surface of the elbow

Question 48

Where does the brachialis muscle insert?

Answer 48

The ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process.

Question 49

# T/F The brachialis muscle is considered to be the most important flexor of the elbow joint.

Answer 49

True

Question 50

What are the 3 heads of the triceps brachii muscle?

Answer 50

long, medial and lateral

Question 51

Where does the long head of the triceps brachii originate?

Answer 51

Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.

Question 52

Where does the lateral head of the triceps brachii arise from?

Answer 52

The dorsal surface of the proximal humerus.

Question 53

Where does the medial head of the triceps brachii arise from?

Answer 53

From the dorsal surface of the proximal humerus distal to the radial groove.

Question 54

Where do all 3 heads of the triceps brachii insert?

Answer 54

Tendon of the 3 heads inserts on the olecranon process.

Question 55

What is the muscle immediately anterior to the humerus distally?

Answer 55

brachialis

Question 56

What is the most lateral artery of the upper arm?

Answer 56

Subclavian

Question 57

When subclavian artery crosses the clavicle what does it become?

Answer 57

Becomes the axillary

Question 58

What does the axillary artery become?

Answer 58

Brachial artery

Question 59

What side of the arm is the brachial artery located on?

Answer 59

On the medial aspect of the arm

Question 60

Once the brachial artery runs by the elbow, what does it become?

Answer 60

The radial artery

Question 61

What are the veins that insert into the subclavian?

Answer 61

Axillary and cephalic

Question 62

What vein is located just anterior to the deltoid muscle?

Answer 62

Cephalic

Question 63

# T/F The cephalic vein comes in on the lateral and joins the subclavian

Answer 63

True

Question 64

Where does the basillic vein join the axillary vein?

Answer 64

Basilic vein joins the axillary vein on the medial aspect

Question 65

# T/F The brachial vessels are located superficial to the basilic and cephalic vessels.

Answer 65

False; The brachial vessels are located DEEP to the basilic and cephalic vessels.

Question 66

# T/F The basilic vein more prominent than artery

Answer 66

True

Question 67

What are the two distinct prominences located on the distal humerus?

Answer 67

medial & lateral condyles, with associated epicondyles (superiorly)

Question 68

What are the anterior fossas of the distal humerus called?

Answer 68

Coronoid (medial) & radial (lateral)

Question 69

What is the posterior fossa of the distal humerus called?

Answer 69

Posterior fossa: Olecranon

Question 70

What are the 2 cartilage covered articular surfaces on the distal humerus?

Answer 70

2 cartilage covered articular surfaces: trochlea (medial) & capitulum (lateral)

Question 71

What does the trochlea articulate with?

Answer 71

Trochlea articulates with the ulna

Question 72

What does the capitulum articulate with? What does it form?

Answer 72

Articulates with the radial fossa of the radius, to form the elbow joint

Question 73

What carpal bones are located in the proximal row?

Answer 73

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

Question 74

What carpal bones are located in the distal row?

Answer 74

Trapezoid, capitate, hamate, trapezium

Question 75

# T/F The pisiform since sits anterior in the hand

Answer 75

True

Question 76

What row; proximal or distal articulates with the metacarpals?

Answer 76

Distal

Question 77

# T/F The capitate is the only carpal bone that articulates with two metacarpals (4+5th)

Answer 77

False; Hamate

Question 78

# T/F All of the carpal bones other than the hamate articulate with each corresponding bone

Answer 78

True

Question 79

What carpal bones articulate with the radius?

Answer 79

Lunate and scaphoid