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Sectional Anatomy > Unit 1-Thorax (Part 1) > Flashcards

Unit 1-Thorax (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What bony structures make up the thoracic cage?

A

-Ribs
-Sternum
-Thoracic Spine

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2
Q

What structure forms the anterior part of the thoracic cage?

A

Sternum forms anterior part of thoracic cage

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3
Q

Label 1-5

A

1=Jugular/sternal notch
2=Right clavicular notch
3=1st right coastal notch
4=2nd right coastal notch
5=Sternal angle

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4
Q

What vertebral level is the Jugular/Sternal notch located?

A

T2-T3

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5
Q

What vertebral level is the sternal angle located at?

A

T4/T5

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6
Q

Where does the clavicle join the manubrium?

A

The clavicular notch

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7
Q

What ribs attach to the coastal notches on the body of the sternum?

A

Ribs 3-7

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8
Q

What part of the ribs join at the level of xiphi?

A

Costal cartilage of false ribs join at the level of xiphi

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9
Q

What 2 muscles insert at the xiphoid process?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. Transverse abdominis
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10
Q

Label 1-5

A

1-Manubrium
2-Sternal notch
3- Sternal angle
4-sternal body
5-Xiphi

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11
Q

At what vertebral level is structure #3 located?

A

T4/T5

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12
Q

What joints are formed by the ribs?

A
  1. Coastotransverse joint
  2. Coastovertebral joint
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13
Q

What organ sits below the thoracic cavity before abdominal cavity?

A

The liver

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14
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. Superior aperture-Thoracic inlet
  2. Inferior aperture-Thoracic outlet
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15
Q

T/F

As you go lower in vertebral level, clavicles move closer together

A

True

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16
Q

What muscle is located between the ribs?

A

The intercoastal muscles

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17
Q

What muscle separates thoracic and abdominal cavity?

A

The diaphragm

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18
Q

What is this describing?

Connective tissue that connects the diaphragm to the lumbar spine

A

The Crus

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19
Q

T/F

We cannot identify the diaphragm without the crus

A

True

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20
Q

Where does the diaphragmatic crus come off the spine?

A

The anterior part of the lumbar spine

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21
Q

T/F

The diaphragm does not run over top of the liver.

A

False; the diaphragm does run over top of the liver

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22
Q

What are the 2 pleural layers of the lung?

A
  1. Parietal pleura
  2. Visceral pleura
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23
Q

T/F

In normal chest you should not be able to differentiate parietal and visceral pleura

A

True

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24
Q

What are the 3 angles of the lung?

A

Costophrenic angle, cardio phrenic angle, apex

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25
What are the 3 surfaces of the lungs?
Coastal surface, mediastinal surface, diaphragmic surface
26
What is the hilum?
An opening on the medial aspect of the lungs to allow trachea, bronchus, vasculature to move around
27
How many fissures are in the left and right lung? Name them.
Left: 1; Left oblique fissure Right: 2; Oblique, horizontal
28
How many lobes in the left and right lung?
Right: 3 Left: 2
29
What are the names of the right lobes of the lungs?
Superior/upper, middle & inferior/lower
30
In which direction does the right oblique fissure run?
Posterosuperior to anteroinferior
31
What does the horizontal fissure seperate?
The horizontal (minor) fissure separates the middle lobe from the superior.
32
What level (landmark) does the horizontal fissure travel at?
At the level of the **4th costal cartilage**
33
# T/F The Oblique fissure is visible at the bottom when looking at a more anterior coronal image
True
34
**Where does the horizontal fissure originate?**
From the oblique fissure at the mid-axillary line
35
**What vertebral level is the right oblique fissure located at posteriorly?**
T4
36
**Where does the right oblique fissure end anteriorly?**
Anteriorly ends 8cm posterior to anterior border
37
What tells us we are more anterior in this image?
Can’t see any spine, clavicles are more medial (closer to manubrium), heart is very visible
38
What tells us we are more posterior in this image?
Spine visible, heart not visible
39
# T/F The horizontal and oblique fissure will eventually join together
True
40
# T/F The right oblique fissure runs supero-anterior
False; infero-anterior
41
What are the 2 lobes of the left lung?
Superior & inferior
42
# T/F As you move more posterior in a coronal slice, the left oblique fissure will move more superior
True
43
What is the mediastinum bordered by anteriorly and posteriorly?
Bordered by sternum anteriorly and T-spine posteriorly
44
Where is the mediastinum located and where does it extend?
-Located Midline region located between the pleural cavities -Extends from the superior aperture to the diaphragm
45
What are the 2 compartments of the mediastinum?
1. Superior compartment 2. Inferior compartment
46
# T/F The thymus is located within the mediastinum.
True
47
What is the superior compartment bounded by superiorly?
Bounded by the thoracic inlet
48
What is the superior compartment bounded by inferiorly?
Bounded by a plane between the sternal angle and the T4-T5 disc space.
49
# T/F The thymus extends into the inferior mediastinum.
True
50
Where does the inferior compartment of the mediastinum extend?
Extends from inferior border of Superior compartment to diaphragms.
51
What are the subdivisions within the inferior compartment of the mediastinum?
Anterior, middle and posterior compartments.
52
Where is the anterior compartment of the mediastinum located?
Posterior to the sternal body and anterior to the pericardial sac
53
What is the middle compartment of the mediastinum bounded by?
Bounded by the fibrous pericardium
54
What compartment contains the pericardial sac, heart, roots of the great vessels, tracheal bifurcation and main bronchi and pulmonary vessels?
The middle compartment of the mediastinum
55
Where is the posterior compartment of the mediastinum located?
Posterior to the pericardium and anterior to the inferior 8 thoracic vertebrae (T5-T12).
56
Label 1
Thymus gland
57
# What compartment of the mediastinum do these organs belong to? Thymus, Aortic arch, SVC, Lymph nodes, Trachea, Esophogus, Thoracic duct | (some may belong to more than one compartment)
Superior compartment
58
# What compartment of the mediastinum do these organs belong to? Thymus, mediastinal fat, lymph nodes | (some may belong to more than one compartment)
Anterior compartment
59
# What compartment of the mediastinum do these organs belong to? Pericardium, heart, ascending aorta, lower SVC, pulmonary vessels, Tracheal bifrication, main bronchi | (some may belong to more than one compartment)
Middle compartment
60
# What compartment of the mediastinum do these organs belong to? Eso, Descending thoracic aorta, azygos, hemiazygos veins, Thoracic duct, lymph nodes | (some may belong to more than one compartment)
Posterior compartment
61
# Which is more anterior? Trachea or Esophagus
Trachea
62
What does the trachea split into and at what level?
Splits into left and right mainstem bronchi at the carina (@T4 level)
63
# T/F The esophagus appears as a round air-filled structure
False; the trachea
64
Where does the esophagus enter the abdominal cavity?
Enters the abdominal cavity at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
65
Where does the esophagus join with the stomach?
It joins the stomach at the gastroesophageal junction.
66
Why is the esophagus not as defined as the trachea?
The esophagus collapses when it is not being used
67
What structure is circled?
The stomach
68
Where is the Carnia located?
T5/T6
69
# T/F The esophagus is located just anteriorly to the cervical vertebra.
False; The esophagus is located just anteriorly to the THORACIC vertebra.
70
How do we know its left mainstem bronchus shown in this image?
Aortic arch is visible and moves in an oblique fashion from the midline more towards the left
71
What is the base of the heart formed by?
Both atria
72
# T/F The base is the most superior part of the heart.
True
73
What chamber is the most posterior surface of the heart.
The left atrium
74
What structure(s) brings oxygenated blood back to the left atrium
-Two superior pulmonary veins -Two inferior pulmonary veins

Sectional Anatomy (19 decks)

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