Upper extremity

Question 1

What is the most common elbow pediatric injury?

Answer 1

Supracondylar distal humeral fracture

Question 2

What are the 3 radiographic features of a Supracondylar distal humeral fracture?

Answer 2

Anterior fat pad (sail sign)
Posterior fat pad
failure of anterior humeral line to intersect middle 1/3 of capitulum

Question 3

What is positive when an elevated anterior lucency or a visible posterior lucency on a true lateral radiograph of an elbow flexed at 90-degrees?

Answer 3

anterior fat pad sign (sail sign)

Question 4

What is a common throwing athlete injury in kids and is sometimes called “Little Leaguer elbow?”

Answer 4

Epicondylar fracture

Question 5

What is the most common site for an epicondylar fracture?

Answer 5

Medial epicondyle avulsion

Question 6

What is the best way to remember age-related ossification centers in the pediatric elbow?

Answer 6

CRITOE

Question 7

What is CRITOE?

Answer 7

Capitulum
Radius
Internal epicondyle
Trochlea
Olecranon
External epicondyle

Question 8

What are the years in relation to CRITOE formation?

Answer 8

1-3-5-7-9-11-years

Question 9

What is often associated with fracture of the coronoid process of the ulna?

Answer 9

posterior elbow dislocation

Question 10

What is the most common elbow fracture in adults?

Answer 10

Radial head fracture

Question 11

What classification system is used to describe the fracture of the radial head?

Answer 11

Mason-Johnson classification

Question 12

What type of Mason-Johnson classification is non-displaced radial head?

Answer 12

Type 1

Question 13

What type of Mason-Johnson classification is partial articular fractures with >2mm of displacement?

Answer 13

Type 2

Question 14

What type of Mason-Johnson classification is comminuted fracture of entire radial head?

Answer 14

Type 3

Question 15

What type of Mason-Johnson classification is fracture of radial head with dislocation of elbow joint?

Answer 15

Type 4

Question 16

What is the fracture called when there is a fracture of the ulnar shaft and dislocation of the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 16

Monteggia fracture-dislocations

Question 17

What is the fracture called when there is a fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of distal radio-ulnar joint with intact ulna?

Answer 17

Galeazzi fracture-dislocation

Question 18

What is a fracture due to a ward off an overhead blow from an assailant that typically effect the ulna?

Answer 18

Nightstick fracture

Question 19

What is a pediatric injury of a pulled elbow?

Answer 19

Nursemaid’s elbow

Question 20

What is a fracture of the distal radial metaphysis with dorsal angulation and impaction due to FOOSH of extended wrist?

Answer 20

Colles fractures

Question 21

How often is there an ulnar styloid fracture associated with a Colles fracture?

Answer 21

50%

Question 22

What is also known as reverse Colles fracture, is associated with <3% of distal radial fractures, and is due to FOOSH of a flexed wrist?

Answer 22

Smith fracture

Question 23

What is a distal radius fracture similar to a Colles fracture but with intra-articular extension and is the DORSAL type?

Answer 23

Barton fracture

Question 24

What is a distal radius fracture similar to a Colles fracture but with intra-articular extension but is the VOLAR type?

Answer 24

reverse Barton fracture

Question 25

What fracture is an intra-articular fracture of the radial styloid due to a wrist blow with forced abduction and radial deviation of the wrist, hence the name?

Answer 25

Chauffeur Fracture

Question 26

What is the most common fractured carpal bone?

Answer 26

Scaphoid

Question 27

What is the key radiographic view for a scaphoid fracture?

Answer 27

Navicular view (PA ulnar deviation)

Question 28

Where does the fracture on the scaphoid have to be in order to have the highest risk of AVN?

Answer 28

Waist of scaphoid

Question 29

Where does the fracture on the scaphoid have to be in order to have the highest risk of non-union?

Answer 29

Proximal pole

Question 30

What is the name for a scapholunate dissociation?

Answer 30

Terry Thomas sign

Question 31

How long does the distance have to be in order to be called a Terry Thomas sign?

Answer 31

>3mm

Question 32

What is the key radiographic feature of a scapholunate dissociation?

Answer 32

signet ring sign due to rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid

Question 33

What is a normal scapholunate angle?

Answer 33

30-60 degrees

Question 34

How is the lunate tiled and what is the scapholunate angle in a VISI SLAC wrist?

Answer 34

Lunate tilted >15 degrees volarly | Scapholunate angle <30 degrees

Question 35

How is the lunate tiled and what is the scapholunate angle in a DISI SLAC wrist?

Answer 35

Lunated tilted >10 degrees dorsally | Scapholunate angle >60 degrees

Question 36

What is the 2nd most common carpal bone fracture, after scaphoid?

Answer 36

Triquetral fracture

Question 37

What is the most commonly dislocated carpal bone?

Answer 37

Lunate

Question 38

What is the most common mechanism associated with lunate dislocations?

Answer 38

FOOSH

Question 39

What is the sign called for lunate dislocation where the lunate overlaps the capitate?

Answer 39

Pie sign

Question 40

What is the radiographic evaluation of carpal fractures-dislocations

Answer 40

carpal arcs of Louis Gilula

Question 41

What results from forced abduction of thumb?

Answer 41

Bennett fracture-dislocation

Question 42

What is a comminuted Bennett, intra-articular fracture-dislocation of the base of thumb called?

Answer 42

Rolando fracture

Question 43

What is a result of an avulsion of the ulnar collateral ligament at the 1st MCPJ

Answer 43

Gamekeeper's thumb

Question 44

What is characterized by interposed adductor pollicis muscle causing slippage/displacement of UC ligament contact and repair?

Answer 44

Stener lesion

Question 45

What is the most common type of Metacarpal fracture that involves a fracture to the 4th and 5th metacarpals (5th more common)?

Answer 45

Boxer fracture

Question 46

What fracture is a result of a torn extensor mechanism at DIP?

Answer 46

Mallet fracture (baseball finger)

Question 47

What finger is most effected with a Mallet fracture?

Answer 47

Middle finger

Question 48

What is known as a sudden avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon at the base of DIP?

Answer 48

Jersey finger (rugby finger)

Question 49

What finger is most effected with a Jersey finger?

Answer 49

4th digit