Upper Extremity Orthosis Flashcards by Tim Nichols

Static splints have no moving parts and are used to ______

support, stabilize, protect or immobilize

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 Static Progressive splints use _______ to create ______

adjustable components such as Velcro,
hinges, screws or turnbuckles

a mobilizing
force to improve motion

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T or F the same static progressive splint can be used without remolding

True

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Dynamic splints use _________ parts to permit, control or restore movement

 Critical Concepts

Moveable

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The goal of dynamic splints is to

lengthen tissues

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The forces generated by dynamic splints are generated by?

springs, spring wires, rubber

bands, or elastic cords

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The two critical concepts of dynamic splints are:

Force must be ___ load for an extended period of time
Line of pull must be a ___ angle of segment being mobilized

low

90⁰

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Considerations for orthotic selection

What is the primary problem?
What are the goals for splints use?
How will it affect the problem and overall client’s
function?
What benefits will the splint provide?
What limitations will the splint impose?
What evidence is available related to the splint?

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Purpose of splints?

 1.Support a Painful Joint
 2. Immobilize for healing or to protect tissues
 3. Provide Stability or Restrict unwanted motion
 4. Restore Mobility
 5. Substitute for Weak or Absent Muscles
 6. Prevent Contractures or Modify Tone

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PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #1
-Support a painful joint
-Often worn all day, night, or both or during certain
activities
-Should be removed at _____________throughout
the day

Intervals

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SHOULDER

-Slings immobilize the whole arm in ___ and __ which is a ________________ position

Adduction

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ELBOW
-Counterforce braces change fulcrum position of
the tendon to _____________during contraction

Limit full expansion of the muscle

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ELBOW
-Wrist splinted in _______ of extension and worn
with/without counterforce brace will allow
resting of muscles

30-45 degrees

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SHOULDER

The primary purpose of shoulder slings is to prevent or correct ____

Subluxation

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SHOULDER

Arm troughs/lapboards
Used when patient is ______
Allows appropriate positioning of the _____

in a wheelchair

scapula

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HAND/WRIST
- \_\_\_\_ hand splint to support wrist, fingers
and thumb
flexion
-Good for \_\_\_

Resting

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HAND/WRIST
-0-20⁰ wrist _________, 20-30⁰ of _________, 10-30⁰
PIP flexion, and slight DIP flexion,

Extension

MCP flexion

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HAND/WRIST

Reduce pressure on joint capsules, synovial lining, and ____ structures
Can leave IP joints or Thumb ___

periarticular

free

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HAND/WRIST
- ____splint is the most commonly prescribed splint for UE

 Functional position for hand
 Best for CTS is 10-15⁰ of extension

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Wrist Cock-Up

HAND/WRIST

- ____splint is the most commonly prescribed splint for UE

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Wrist Cock-Up

HAND/WRIST

-Wrist cock up splint places wrist in 10-30⁰ of _________ which is the _____ for hand

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Functional position

The best wrist position for carpal tunnel syndrome is __to____degrees of extension

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10 to 15 degrees

Thumb Spica
 Typically on ____ side of wrist or hand to immobilize
___ joint and/or MP joint

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radial

CMC

Thumb Spica
-Typically on ____ side of wrist or hand to immobilize
___ joint and/or MP joint

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radial

CMC

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #2 - Immobilize for ____ or to ___ Tissues - Protect after _____ or _____ of a fracture

Healing Protect surgery or immobilization

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #2 For hand or wrist: Incorrect application of a splint or improper positioning while in a splint may lead to both joint __________ and tissue __________

Contracture | Injury

``` Neutral or “Safe” position of immobilization for the hand is: -__to___ of wrist extension, ,  DO NOT force joints into ideal position, but as close to this position as possible ```

10-30⁰

Antideformity or “Safe” position of immobilization for the hand is: MCP’s in ___ to ___ of flexion,

70-90⁰

Antideformity or “Safe” position of immobilization for the hand is: IPs in __ to __ of flexion

0-15⁰

Neutral or “Safe” position of immobilization for the hand is: Thumb in ______

palmar abduction

For tendon repairs, _____ for Extensor Tendon | and for Flexor Tendon

Wrist Cock up | Dorsal Blocking

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #3 -Provide stability or restrict ____ when integrity has been compromised by an acute injury or a chronic disease: arthritis.

unwanted motion

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #3 Can facilitate ____ of the limb The ___ is considered to be key to function of the hand

functional use | wrist

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4 -Restore _____ -Corrects soft tissue or joint ___________ that occur from poor positioning, trauma, scarring, or increased muscle tone -Redness and inflammation

Mobility

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4 | -Provide ___ for an extended period of time

low load

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4 -Restore _____ -Corrects soft tissue or joint ___________ that occur from poor positioning, trauma, scarring, or increased muscle tone -Redness and inflammation

Mobility | Contractures

 Static Progressive Splinting  Can be worn for ____ throughout the day

shorter periods of time

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4 - ROM is gained not by tissue stretching but actual _______ _________________ - Watch for signs of excessive stress

Tissue elongation

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #4 -Chronically stiff joints or fixed contractures respond best to ___________________ ------Person brought to end range and then progressively -------stretched and recasted in stretched position

Serial casting

Dynamic Splinting is more effective for _______ contractures -Typically worn at ___ to not interfere with daily activities

Large joint | Night

-Static Progressive Splinting -Can be worn for ____ throughout the day

shorter periods of time

PURPOSE OF A SPLINT #5 -Substitute for __________________muscles -Assist clients to maximize function of an affected UE -Can be temporary or permanent -Generally worn during the day or for a specific functional task

Weak or absent

``` SHOULDER OR ELBOW Mobile Arm support (MAS) -Typically mounted to ___ but can be attached to table top -Used with SCI, MD, Guillain-Barre, ALS, and Polio ```

wheelchair

-For Radial Nerve Palsy, _____ splint dynamically extends wrist, MCPs, and thumb

Thomas suspension

-Universal Cuffs or a ______ splint for | those with weak grip hold items for patient

Wanchik writing

PURPOSE FOR A SPLINT #6 -Prevent Contractures or Modify ___ -____ positioning in the presence of a healing wound, muscle imbalance, abnormal tone, or motor disorders to prevent loss of ROM

Tone | Purposeful

Upper Extremity Orthosis Flashcards

(46 cards)