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GI Week 2 > Upper GI Bleeding > Flashcards

Upper GI Bleeding Flashcards

1
Q

What can they do via upper endoscopy to stop bleedign?

A

inject epinephrine

clip it

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2
Q

What are some overt signs f GI bleed?

A

hematochezia
melena
hematemesis
volume loss symptoms

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3
Q

What are some obscure signs of GI bleed?

A 
iron deficiency anemia
fatigue
pale
dyspnea
angina
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4
Q

What should you include in the initial assessment in GI bleed?

A

ABCs airway, breathing, circulation

get two large bore IV access

infuse with crystalloid first and then blood products if necessary

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5
Q

What are things to consider in the secondary assessment of GI bleed?

A

labs - Hb
underlying patient conditions like severe cardiac disease, liver disease and coagulopathy
closely monitor vital signs
determine appropriate level of care - admit? where?

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6
Q

What’s the diagnostic test of choice for GI bleed?

A

upper endoscopy

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7
Q

What are some other diagnostic study options for GI bleed?

A

barium studies
tagged RBC scans
capsule endoscopy

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8
Q

What are the most common sources of upper GI bleeding?

A

esophagus
stomach
small bowel

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9
Q

What’s the most common cuases of esophagel bleeding?

A

VARICES
esophagitis
mallory weiss tear
tumors

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10
Q

WHat’s the presentation of varices?

A

dramatic bleeding with usually hematemesis

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11
Q

What’s the cause of barices?

A

portal hypertension leadin gto distension

associated with liver disease and cirrhosis

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12
Q

What are the two main causes of peptic ulcer disease?

A

H pylori
NSAIDS
the combo of the two is the worst

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13
Q

How do you make sure you successfully cured H pylori?

A

can’t do the blood test - need to do stool or breath test

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14
Q

How do you treat H pylori PUD?

A

triple therapy with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and a PPI

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15
Q

How do NSAIDs cause PUD?

A

direct injury effects

systemic COX inhibition and decreased prostaglandin production with decreased mucus and biarbonate and increased acid

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16
Q

What are the history risk factors for PUD?

A 
NSAID use
previous H pylori dix
family hx of this
smoking
physiologic stress
17
Q

What are some alarm features with PUD that require a bigger workup?

A 
age over 55
fam hx of GI cancer
bleeding
jaundice
virchow node lymphadenopathy
palpable abd mass
progessive dysphagia
unintended weight loss
18
Q

What are common causes of stomach bleeding?

A 
ulcers
gastritis
vascular ectasias
dieulfoy lesions
varices
tumors
19
Q

What are the common causes of duodenal bleeding?

A

ulcers
vascular malformations
tumors

20
Q

What are the common cuases of lower GI bleeding?

A 
diverticular bleed
tumor
vascular malformations
post-polypectomy
ulcer

GI Week 2 (11 decks)

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