upper GI surgery

Question 1

what kind of conditions do upper GI surgeons treat ?

Answer 1

oesophageal cancer
gastric cancer
anti-reflux
bariatric surgery

Question 2

describe the features of oesophageal adenocarcinoma ?

Answer 2

distal carcinoma
related to barrett’s and obesity

Question 3

describe the features of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus ?

Answer 3

proximal and middle third
related to smoking and alcohol

Question 4

what investigations are common for oesophageal cancer ?

Answer 4

endoscope
barium contrast swallow
CT chest/abdo for staging

Question 5

what can we do if a patient is unfit for oesophageal cancer surgery ?

Answer 5

no further staging

palliation/supportive therapy with chemoradio theray and a stent to make eating easier

Question 6

what surgery can be performed on oesophageal cancer ?

Answer 6

oesophagectomy with chemotherapy

Question 7

what are the three ways we can perform a oesophacetomy ?

Answer 7

ivor lewis
trans hiatal
left thoraco-abdominal

Question 8

what can be conduits for an oesophagectomy ?

Answer 8

stomach
colon

Question 9

what are the modifiable risk factors for stomach cancer ?

Answer 9

helicobacter pylori
alcohol
smoking
excessive salted, pickled and cured foods

Question 10

what surgeries can we perform on gastric cancer ?

Answer 10

subtotal gastrectomy
total gastrectomy and a roux en Y reconstruction

Question 11

what are the side effects of laproscopic hernia repair ?

Answer 11

dysphagia
difficulty to belch and vomit
gas/bloating
excess flatulence
diarrhoea

Question 12

when do we consider bariatric surgery ?

Answer 12

BMI >40
BMI >35 with comorbidities