Upper Limb

Question 1

What muscles originate on coracoid process?

Answer 1

biceps brachii (short head)
coracobrachialis

Question 2

Which head of the biceps brachii helps with shoulder stability?

Answer 2

long head (because originates on supraglenoid tubercle)

Question 3

The medial and lateral head of triceps brachii both originate on posterior surface of humerus. Which originates above radial groove? Which below?

Answer 3

medial - below
lateral - above

Question 4

What nerve(s) innervate the superficial anterior forearm muscles? List muscles and their nerve

Answer 4

Median nerve (palmaris longus)
Median nerve (pronator teres)
Median nerve (flexor carpi radialis)
Ulnar nerve (flexor carpi ulnaris)

Question 5

Where does the extensor carpi ulnaris insert?

Answer 5

base of 5th metacarpal

Question 6

which anterior forearm muscles doe not cross the elbow

Answer 6

1. pronator quadratus
2. flexor pollicis longus
3. flexor digitorum profundus

Question 7

What muscles originate on lateral epicondyle of humerus

Answer 7

1. extensor digitorum
2. extensor carpi radialis brevis
3. extensor carpi ulnaris
4. supinator

Question 8

Between pectoralis major and coracobrachialis, which muscle inserts more distally on the humerus?

Answer 8

coracobrachialis

Question 9

Where does palmaris longus insert?

Answer 9

distal half of flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

Question 10

What muscle is known as baby lats?

Answer 10

teres major

Question 11

Does the brachioradialis flex the wrist?

Answer 11

no - inserts onto distal radius

Question 12

Where does biceps brachii originate?

Answer 12

long head - supraglenoid tubercle
short head - coracoid process

Question 13

What are the anterior muscles that move arm at shoulder?

Answer 13

1. pectoralis major
2. coracobrachialis

Question 14

Where does biceps brachii insert?

Answer 14

radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis of forearm (ulna)

Question 15

Why is brachioradialis an oddity?

Answer 15

• because it performs anterior compartment action but is innervated by different nerve

Question 16

What are the names of the three heads of the triceps brachii? Order from proximal to distal origin.

Answer 16

long head
lateral head
medial head

Question 17

which deep anterior forearm muscle(s) originate on the ulna?

Answer 17

pronator quadratus (distal)
flexor digitorum profundus (proximal)

Question 18

which anterior arm muscle has the most distal origin

Answer 18

brachialis

Question 19

What nerve innervates coracobrachialis?

Answer 19

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 20

What muscle(s) are responsible for extending the digits 2-5?

Answer 20

extensor digitorum

Question 21

List the deep anterior forearm muscles

Answer 21

1. flexor pollicis longus
2. flexor digitorum profundus
3. pronator quadratus

Question 22

What nerves innervate pectoralis major?

Answer 22

lateral and median pectoral nerves

Question 23

What muscle hugs the proximal radius?

Answer 23

supinator

Question 24

What are the posterior arm muscles that move the arm at the shoulder?

Answer 24

Latissimus dorsi
Teres major

Question 25

Why does pectoralis major have multiple functions? List them.

Answer 25

because fibres are running in different directions - medial rotation of humerus - adduction - flexion

Question 26

What muscle inserts onto pisiform, hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal

Answer 26

flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 27

Where does teres major originate?

Answer 27

dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

Question 28

Where does triceps brachii originate?

Answer 28

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula medial head: posterior surface of humerus, below radial groove lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, above radial groove

Question 29

What muscle inserts into the base of the 1st metacarpal?

Answer 29

abductor pollicis longus

Question 30

What muscles (anterior and posterior) are responsible for adducting the hand at the wrist?

Answer 30

extensor carpi ulnaris flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 31

What major muscles originate all the way along spinous processes?

Answer 31

trapezius (superior) latissimus dorsi (inferior)

Question 32

What is the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 32

humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle, coronoid process of ulna, ulnar collateral ligament radial head: superior 1/2 of anterior border of radius

Question 33

What posterior muscles extend and abduct hand at wrist?

Answer 33

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Question 34

which muscle is the major forearm flexor?

Answer 34

brachialis

Question 35

What nerve innervates teres major?

Answer 35

lower subscapular nerve

Question 36

Where is the brachialis relative to biceps brachii?

Answer 36

deep

Question 37

Which head of the triceps brachii assists with shoulder stabilization?

Answer 37

long head

Question 38

which deep anterior forearm muscles cross the elbow?

Answer 38

none

Question 39

What muscles (anterior and posterior) are responsible for abducting the hand at the wrist?

Answer 39

flexor carpi radialis extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 40

Which anterior arm muscles cross the shoulder and elbow?

Answer 40

biceps brachii

Question 41

Where does flexor carpi ulnaris insert?

Answer 41

pisiform, hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

Question 42

Which superficial anterior forearm muscles is not necessary to have?

Answer 42

palmaris longus

Question 43

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of forearm?

Answer 43

radial nerve

Question 44

Where does extensor carpi radialis longus originate? Brevis?

Answer 44

longus: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus brevis: lateral epicondyle of humerus

Question 45

What nerve innervates most of the anterior forearm compartment?

Answer 45

median nerve

Question 46

What muscles originating in the forearm act solely on the thumb?

Answer 46

extensor pollicis longus extensor pollicis brevis abductor pollicis longus flexor pollicis longus

Question 47

What is the origin of pectoralis major?

Answer 47

medial half of clavicle, sternum, 6 superior costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique

Question 48

What nerve innervates triceps brachii?

Answer 48

radial nerve

Question 49

What posterior muscles insert onto intertubercular groove of humerus?

Answer 49

latissimus dorsi teres major

Question 50

What nerve innervates latissimus dorsi?

Answer 50

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 51

What spinal levels contribute to innervation of teres major?

Answer 51

C6, C7

Question 52

which anterior forearm muscles do not cross the wrist

Answer 52

1. brachioradialis 2. pronator teres 3. pronator quadratus

Question 53

What is the common origin of superficial anterior forearm muscles

Answer 53

medial epicondyle of humerus

Question 54

What muscles originate on lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus?

Answer 54

brachioradialis extensor carpi radialis longus

Question 55

What nerve innervates brachialis?

Answer 55

musculocutaneous nerve (and some from radial nerve)

Question 56

Where does extensor carpi radialis longus insert? Brevis?

Answer 56

longus: base of 2nd metacarpal brevis: base of 3rd metacarpal

Question 57

Which deep anterior forearm muscle is innervated by two nerves

Answer 57

flexor digitorum profundus 1. ulnar nerve (medial side) 2. median nerve (lateral side)

Question 58

List the superficial posterior forearm/hand muscles.

Answer 58

1. extensor carpi ulnaris 2. extensor carpi radialis longus 3. extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. extensor digitorum

Question 59

which deep anterior forearm muscle(s) originate on the radius?

Answer 59

flexor pollicis longus