Upper limb 3

Question 1

what are the superficial group of muscles of the forearm?

Answer 1

flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
pronator teres

Question 2

what is the common origin of the flexors and extensors of the forearm?

Answer 2

medial epicondyle - flexors

lateral epicondyle - extensors

Question 3

what are the functions of the flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris?

Answer 3

FCR - flexes the elbow and wrist, abducts the wrist

FCU - flexes the elbow and wrist, adducts the wrist

Question 4

what is the innervation of the;

• flexor carpi ulnaris
• flexor carpi radialis
• palmar longus
• pronator teres ?

Answer 4

all supplied by median nerve

except flexor carpi ulnaris - supplied by ulnar nerve

Question 5

what are the actions of the brachioradialis muscle?

Answer 5

flexion of the elbow joint

pronation and supination of forearm

Question 6

what is the nerve supply of the brachioradialis?

Answer 6

radial nerve

Question 7

what are the intermediate muscle and deep muscles of the forearm?

Answer 7

flexor digitorum superficialis (intermediate)
flexor digitorum profundus
pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus

Question 8

what is the nerve innervation of the;

• flexor digitorum superficialis
• flexor digitorum profundus
• pronator quadratus
• flexor pollicis longus ?

Answer 8

all supplied by median nerve

except flexor digitorum profoundus; medial half supplied by median nerve and lateral half supplied by ulnar nerve

Question 9

what is the relationship of the brachial artery and the median nerve within the cubital fossa?

Answer 9

median nerve lies medially to the brachial artery

Question 10

what muscles of the forearm aren’t supplied by the median nerve?

Answer 10

flexor carpis ulnaris

medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 11

in the forearm, what is the relationship of the ulnar nerve and artery?

Answer 11

the ulnar nerve lies medial to the ulnar artery

Question 12

at what landmark does the brachial artery split into ulnar and radial?

Answer 12

the neck of the radius

Question 13

what structures is in the carpal tunnel?

Answer 13

4 tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis
4 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus
1 tendon of the flexor policies longus
median nerve

Question 14

what is the name of the fascia that is in the palm of the hand and what muscle is continuous with the fascia?

Answer 14

palmar aponeurosis

palmaris longus muscle

Question 15

what are the thenar muscles of the hand?

Answer 15

abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollici

Question 16

what nerve innervates the thenar muscles of the hand?

Answer 16

median nerve (recurrent branch)

Question 17

what are the hypothenar muscles of the hand?

Answer 17

abductor digiti minimi
flexor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

Question 18

what nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?

Answer 18

ulnar nerve

Question 19

what are the two heads of the adductor pollicis and what is its innervation?

Answer 19

transverse and oblique heads

ulnar nerve

Question 20

where does the lumbricals of the hand originate?

Answer 20

tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 21

what is the nerve innervation of the lumbricals?

Answer 21

medial 2 innervated by ulnar nerve

lateral 2 innervated by the median nerve

Question 22

what is the action of the lumbricals?

Answer 22

flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint and simultaneously extension of the interphalangeal joints of 2nd to 5th digits

Question 23

what is the action of the interossei?

Answer 23

dorsal abduct the phalanges

palmar adduct the phalanges

Question 24

what nerve innervates the interossei?

Answer 24

ulnar nerve

Question 25

which artery is the main contributor to the superficial and deep palmar arches?

Answer 25

ulnar artery for superficial | radial artery for deep

Question 26

what are the bones of the wrist joint?

Answer 26

``` triquetrum hamate capitate lunate scaphoid trapezius ```

Question 27

what actions occur at the wrist joint?

Answer 27

flexion extension circumduction radial and ulnar deviation (abduction, adduction)

Question 28

what is the combined action of the flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris muscle on the wrist joint?

Answer 28

adduct / ulnar deviation

Question 29

what muscles are responsible for radial deviation of the wrist?

Answer 29

flexor carpi radialis extensor carpi radialis longus extensor carpi radialis brevis