Upper limb - hand

Question 1

What two nerves does the median nerve split into when it enters the hand?

Answer 1

Recurrent branch of median nerve

Palmar digital branch of median nerve

Question 2

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

Answer 2

Median nerve Tendons of:

Flexor digitorum superficialis (4)

Flexor digitorum profundus (4)

Flexor pollicus longus (1)

Question 3

What structure is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 3

Median nerve

Question 4

Which muscle becomes the palmar aponeurosis?

Answer 4

Palmaris longus

Question 5

Where is the flexor carpi radialis tendon found?

Answer 5

Within the flexor retinaculum

Question 6

What does the recurrent branch of the median nerve innervate?

Answer 6

Thenar muscle group

Question 7

What does the palmar digital branch of the median nerve innervate?

Answer 7

Lateral 2 lumbircal muscles

Question 8

What does the median nerve give cutaneous sensation to?

Answer 8

Palmar skin

Dorsal nail beds of laterl 3 1/2 digits (including thumb)

Question 9

Which hand muscles are supplied by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 9

Hypothenar muscles

Medial 2 most lumbrical muscles (ring/little finger)

Adductor pollicus Interossei of hand

Palmar brevis

Question 10

What are the thenar muscles responsible for?

Answer 10

Opposition of the thumb

Question 11

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

Answer 11

Adductor pollicus brevis

Flexor pollicus brevis

Opponens pollicus

Question 12

Which nerve innervates the thenar compartment?

Answer 12

Median nerve

Question 13

What nerve segmental fibres innervate the thenar muscles?

Answer 13

C8/T1

Question 14

What are the hypothenar muscles? (3)

Answer 14

Abductor digit minimi

Flexor digit minimi

Opponens digiti minimi

Question 15

What nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?

Answer 15

Ulnar nerve

Question 16

What is the segmental values of the nerves innervating the hypothenar muscles?

Answer 16

C8 + T1

Question 17

What are the two heads of the adductor pollicus?

Answer 17

Transverse head

Oblique head

Question 18

From what tendons do the lumbricals originate?

Answer 18

Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 19

What is the action of the lumbrical muscles?

Answer 19

Flex fingers at metacapophalangeal joint

Extend interphalangeal joint 2nd-5th digits

Question 20

What nerves innervate the lumbricals?

Answer 20

Lateral 2 median nerve

Medial 2: ulnar nerve

Question 21

How many dorsal interossei are there?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

How many palmar interossei are there?

Answer 22

3

Question 23

What is the action of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 23

Abduct the fingers DAB

Question 24

What is the action of the palmar interossei?

Answer 24

Adduct the fingers PAD

Question 25

What nerve innervates the interossei?

Answer 25

Ulnar nerves

Question 26

What spinal segments innervate the interossei?

Answer 26

C8 +T1

Question 27

What is the origin of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 27

From metacarpal proximal side.

Question 28

What is the attachment of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 28

Extensor hood of each finger Proximal phalanx of each finger

Question 29

What is the origin of the palmar interossei?

Answer 29

Medial surface of metacarpal of index finger Lateral surfaces of metacarpal of ring an pinky finger

Question 30

What is the attachment of the dorsal interossei?

Answer 30

Extensor hood + distal phalangeal of the same finger

Question 31

What trunk of the brachial plexus is affected in klumpke paralysis?

Answer 31

Inferior (roots C8-T1)

Question 32

What is klumpke paralysis?

Answer 32

"claw hand"

Question 33

What is the main contributor to the superficial palmar arch?

Answer 33

Ulnar artery

Question 34

What is the main contributor to the deep palmar arch?

Answer 34

Radial arch

Question 35

What muscles in the hand does the ulnar nerve not innervate?

Answer 35

Thenar muscles First and second lumbricals

Question 36

What branch of the brachial plexus does the ulnar nerve arise from?

Answer 36

Medial branch

Question 37

What type of joint is the wrist?

Answer 37

Synovial condyloid joint

Question 38

What bones make up the wrist joint?

Answer 38

Radius Scaphoid lunate

Question 39

What movements are available at the wrist?

Answer 39

Flexion Extension Circumduction Ulnar deviation

Question 40

What is the combined action of the extensor and flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 40

Adduction (ulnar deviation)

Question 41

What muscles abduct the wrist?

Answer 41

Extensors carpi radialis Flexor carpi radialis

Question 42

What is a synovial cyst?

Answer 42

A non tendor cystic growth appearing most commonly on dorsum of hand, often associated with tendon synovial shealths

Question 43

What is another name for the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 43

Radial fossa

Question 44

What makes up the floor of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 44

Scaphoid bone, trapezium

Question 45

Which tendons form boundaries for the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 45

Extensor pollicus brevis Abductor pollicus brevis (both laterally) Extensor pollicus longus (medially)

Question 46

What are the contents of the anatomical snuffbox?

Answer 46

Radial artery Superficial branch of radial nerve Cephalic vein

Question 47

Why is the anatomical snuffbox of clinical importance?

Answer 47

Site for palpation of the scaphoid fracture

Question 48

What muscles attach to the extensor expansion?

Answer 48

Lumbricals Dorsal interossei

Question 49

Where are the extensor hoods located?

Answer 49

In each finger

Question 50

contents of cubital fossa

Answer 50

median nerve, biceps brachii tendon, brachial artery

Question 51

what nerve is innervation the skin in the shaded area (palmar surface)

Answer 51

median nerve \*ulnar skin innervation shaded in blue mn: the ring finger is the one that gets split in half --\> like a marriage

Question 52

in the hand, the ulnar nerve goes through the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 52

tunnel of Guyon mn: gUyon --\> U for ulnar located in the hypothenar region

Question 53

what nerve innervates the dorsal portion of the hand up to 0.5 of the ring finger?

Answer 53

superficial branchb of the RADIAL nerve

Question 54

what is the princeps pollicis

Answer 54

the thumb's independent blood supply from the radial arter

Question 55

what do you call the vessels that come from the deep palmar arch and anastomose with the superficial palmar arch

Answer 55

metacarpal arteries - starting with medial side of pointer finger to each side of each f inger to the medial side of the pinky

Question 56

what nerves are responsible for this action

Answer 56

the dorsal interossei, aided by the abductor pollicis brevis, which abducts the thumb, and the abductor digiti minimi, which abducts the little finger. mn: DAB PAD --\> Dorsals ABduct

Question 57

other than abduction, what is the secondary function of the dorsal interossei

Answer 57

In addition to their main function, the dorsal interossei contribute to the 1. flexion in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints --\> curling hand so that knuckles are prominent) 2. extension (straightening of ) the proximal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints. This is the reason a patient may have claw hand if there is an ulnar injury

Question 58

what muscle

Answer 58

adductor pollicis it inserts at the base of the proximal phalynx and the ulnar sesamoid bone of MCP

Question 59

what innervation

Answer 59

deep branch of ulnar nerve \*\*\* don't confuse this just because its in the thenar compartment... it is not part of 1/2 LOAF

Question 60

origin of opponens pollicis

Answer 60

Question 61

origin of palmaris brevis

Answer 61

palmar aponeurosis

Question 62

what is the origin of these lumbricals?

Answer 62

tendon of flexor digitorum profundus muscle

Question 63

what is the origin of the dorsal interossei muscles

Answer 63

the metacarpal bones

Question 64

which is more common capitate or lunate dislocation?

Answer 64

Capitate (perilunate) dislocation is more common than lunate dislocation