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upper limb innervation Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

The brachial plexus is made up of … rami of spinal nerves … to …

A

Ventral rami, C5 to T1

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2
Q

Name the different parts of the brachial plexus

A

Roots, trunks, divisions, chords + branches

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3
Q

The rami of C5 and C6 converge to form the … trunk

A

Superior

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4
Q

C7 forms the … trunk

A

Middle

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5
Q

C8 and T1 converge to form the … trunk

A

Inferior

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6
Q

The trunks of the brachial plexus have 2 …

A

Divisions, anterior + posterior

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7
Q

The posterior divisions of the brachial plexus converge to form the …

A

Posterior chord

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8
Q

Name the nerves that arise from the branches of the posterior chord of the brachial plexus …

A

Subscapular, thoracodorsal, axillary + radial

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9
Q

The nerves that arise from the posterior chord of the brachial plexus innervate the … compartment of the upper limb

A

Posterior

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10
Q

The chords of the brachial plexus are named based on their position regarding the … portion of the … artery

A

2., axillary

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11
Q

Name the 3 chords of the brachial plexus

A

Medial, lateral + posterior

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12
Q

Each chord divides into … main branches

A

2

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13
Q

Name the 2 main branches that arise from the posterior chord of the brachial plexus

A

Radial + axillary nerve

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14
Q

Name the 2 main branches that arise from the medial chord of the brachial plexus

A

Ulnar + median nerve

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15
Q

Name the 2 main branches that arise from the lateral chord of the brachial plexus

A

Musculocutaneous + median

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16
Q

Name the 2 muscles through which the ventral rami of the spinal nerves of the brachial plexus pass

A

Anterior + middle scalene muscles

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17
Q

Which muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve?

A

Serratus anterior

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18
Q

What’s the name of the condition that appears when the long thoracic nerve is injured (hint: there’s a lack of scapular protraction during arm movement)

A

Winged scapula (scapula alata)

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19
Q

Name the 2 nerves that innervate the pec major

A

Lateral + medial pectoral nerves

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20
Q

Name the nerve that “pierces” through the clavipectoral fascia + innervates the pec major

A

Lat. pectoral nerve

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21
Q

The medial pectoral nerve runs between 2 vessels. Name them

A

Axillary artery + vein

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22
Q

The 2 radial nerves “connect” in front of an artery. Name it

A

Axillary artery

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23
Q

The medial pectoral nerve pierces through the …, innervating it

A

Pec minor

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24
Q

The subscapular nerves originate from the … chord, innervating 2 muscles. Name them

A

Posterior chord, subscapularis + teres major

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25
Name the nerve that innervates the latissimus dorsi
Thoracodorsal nerve
26
Explain the trajectory of the thoracodorsal nerve
It accompanies the thoracodorsal vessels along the anterolateral surface of the latissimus dorsi
27
Which nerve perforates the coracobrachialis + descends towards the forearm between the biceps + brachialis?
Musculocutaneous
28
The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve derives from the musculocutaneous nerve. It perforates a fascia between 2 muscles to give rise to that nerve. Name the 3 structures
Deep fascia, between the biceps + the brachioradialis
29
Name the nerve that innervates the skin + fascia of the proximal medial part of the arm
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
30
Name the nerve that pierces the deep fascia of the forearm + accompanies the basilic vein to the anterior surface of the elbow
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
31
Which nerve innervates the medial region of the forearm?
The medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
32
Which nerve is a cutaneous branch of T2 + innervates the medial cutaneous region of the arm?
The intercostobrachial nerve
33
Anterior to which muscle does the first portion of the axillary nerve descend?
Subscapularis muscle
34
Alongside with which vessels does the axillary nerve pass to the back?
Posterior humeral circumflex
35
The posterior humeral circumflex vessels + the axillary nerve pass through a space to the back. What is it called?
Quadrangular space
36
The motor trunk of the axillary nerve surrounds a part of the humerus. Which one is it?
The neck
37
Does the median nerve give a branch in the arm?
No
38
Name the nerve that descends laterally to the brachial artery
Median
39
The median nerve, once it passed under the bicipital aponeurosis, gives rise to 2 branches for 2 muscles. Which are they?
Palmaris longus + flexor carpi radialis
40
The median nerve enters the forearm by passing between the 2 heads of a muscle (together with the ulnar artery). Name that muscle
Pronator teres
41
The flexor pollicis longus, lateral 1/2 of FDP and pronator quadratus are innervated by a branch of the median nerve. What is it called?
Anterior interosseous nerve
42
The main trunk of the median nerve descends through the deep surface of the ..., innervating it
FDS
43
At the level of the wrist, the median nerve gives rise to a branch that becomes superficial + innervates the cutaneous region of the thenar eminence. What is its name?
Palmar cutaneous branch
44
Does the median nerve enter into the hand through the carpal tunnel?
Yes
45
Name the muscles of the hand that are innervated by the motor (recurrent) branch of the median nerve
Abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis
46
The 3 common palmar digital nerves arise from the ... nerve and provide 2 proper palmar digital nerves for the ... to ... fingers
Median, 1. to radial half of the 4.
47
The proper palmar nerves send dorsal branches (dorsal digital nerves) to innervate the ... of the dorsal surfaces of the distal phalanx of the thumb and the 3. to 5. fingers
Skin
48
Explain the trajectory of the ulnar nerve with regards to the triceps (arm)
It descends in front of it in the medial region
49
Where does the ulnar nerve cross the intermuscular septum (in the arm)?
At the distal half of it
50
Between which 3 structures does the ulnar nerve enter the forearm?
The medial epicondyle, olecranon + flexor carpi ulnaris
51
Name the 2 muscles of the foream that are innervated by the ulnar nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris + medial half of the FDP
52
At which portion of the arm does the ulnar nerve join the ulnar artery?
Middle 1/3
53
The cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve innervates ... and ...
The back of the hand and fingers (in the most ulnar region)
54
Name the 2 branches of the ulnar nerve
Deep (motor) and superficial (sensitive)
55
The deep branch of the ulnar nerve innervates ...
The muscles of the hypothenar eminence, the interossei, the 3. and 4. lumbrical muscles + the adductor pollicis
56
The superficial branch of the ulnar nerve gives branches to ...
The pinky + medial (ulnar) half of the 4. finger
57
The radial nerve descends in the arm between an artery and a muscle. Name them
Humeral artery + long head of the triceps
58
The radial nerve branches off inferolaterally with the ...
Deep brachial artery
59
Where is the canal of the radial nerve located?
Deep to the lateral head of the triceps
60
In the lateral epicondyle, the radial nerve gives branches to innervate 3 muscles of the forearm. Name them
Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus + brevis
61
Name the 2 main branches of the radial nerve + where they arise
Superficial (sensory) + deep (motor), elbow
62
The brachioradialis covers one of the 2 main branches of the radial nerve (along with the radial artery) as they descend into the forearm. Which one is it?
Superficial branch
63
The ... branch of the radial nerve passes between the 2 portions of the brachioradialis (innervating it)
Deep
64
The deep branch of the radial nerve surrounds laterally + posteriorly the neck of the radius, in between the 2 layers of a certain muscle. Name it
Supinator
65
What’s the name of the deep branch of the RN as it leaves the supinator muscle + remains between the superficial and deep extensor planes?
Posterior interosseous nerve
66
The deep RN branches into 2 main branches. Name them and the structures they innervate
Superficial: extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi + extensor carpi ulnaris Deep: extensor pollicis longus + brevis, extensor indicis, abductor pollicis longus

anatomy (23 decks)

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