upper limb muscles

Question 1

Muscles that fix the scapula to the vertebral column

Answer 1

Trapezius, rhomboids, levator scapulae + latissimus dorsi

Question 2

Muscle that originates from the superior nuchal line, external occ. protuberance, nuchal ligament + spinous processes of T1-T12

Answer 2

Trapezius

Question 3

The trapezius muscle inserts into…

Answer 3

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion + scapular spine

Question 4

Nerve that innervates the trapezius

Answer 4

CN XI (its the only muscle of the upper limb that is innervated by a cranial nerve!)

Question 5

Functions of the trapezius (overall + individual)

Answer 5

Overall: scapular rotation during humeral abduction
Upper fibres: scapular elevation
Lower fibres: scapular depression

Question 6

Muscle that inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus (moves from post. to anterior)

Answer 6

Latissimus dorsi

Question 7

The latissimus dorsi originates in…

Answer 7

Spinous processes of T7-L5, ribs 10-12, sacrum + iliac crest

Question 8

Functions of latissimus dorsi

Answer 8

Internal rotation + adduction

Question 9

Muscles that form the posterior wall of the axilla

Answer 9

Teres major + latissimus dorsi

Question 10

Origin of the levator scapulae

Answer 10

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Question 11

Nerves that innervate the levator scapulae

Answer 11

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5), C3 + C4

Question 12

The levator scapulae inserts into…

Answer 12

Superior angle of the scapula

Question 13

Function of levator scapulae

Answer 13

Scapular elevation

Question 14

Muscle that originates from C7-T1 + inserts into the medial border of the scapula (at the spine)

Answer 14

Rhomboid minor

Question 15

The rhomboid major originates in…

Answer 15

T2-T5

Question 16

Muscle that inserts into the medial border of the scapula (from the spine to the inferior angle)

Answer 16

Rhomboid major

Question 17

Function of both rhomboids

Answer 17

Scapular retraction + elevation

Question 18

Muscles that fix the scapula to the thoracic wall

Answer 18

Serratus anterior + pecs

Question 19

The serratus anterior originates in…

Answer 19

Anterior surface of upper ribs

Question 20

Trajectory + insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 20

Moves laterally + posteriorly, inserts into the medial border of the scapula (costal surface)

Question 21

Nerve that innervates the serratus anterior

Answer 21

Long thoracic nerve

Question 22

Function of serratus ant.

Answer 22

Scapular protraction

Question 23

The pec minor originates in…

Answer 23

Superior ribs (anterior surface)

Question 24

Site of insertion of pec minor

Answer 24

Coracoid process

Question 25

Nerves that innervate both pecs

Answer 25

Pectoral nerves

Question 26

Function of pec minor

Answer 26

Scapular protraction

Question 27

Role of pec major

Answer 27

Internal rotation + adduction

Question 28

Pec major originates in...

Answer 28

Medial 1/2 of clavicle, sternum + costal cartilages

Question 29

Name of the 2 portions of the pec major

Answer 29

Clavicular + sternocostal

Question 30

Pec major inserts into...

Answer 30

Intertubercular groove (anteromedial part of humerus)

Question 31

Special thing about the fibres from the sternocostal portion of the pec major

Answer 31

They twist around themselves, forming the anterior fold of the axilla

Question 32

The tendon of the pec major has a ... section

Answer 32

U-shaped