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ANATOMY 2300 > Upper Limb Nerves, Muscles, Vessel > Flashcards

Upper Limb Nerves, Muscles, Vessel Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Erector Spinae Muscle

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

All innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nn.

Unilateral and bilateral action
Lateral flexion of head and vertebral column
Extension of head and vertebral column

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2
Q

Scapular Movement

A

Retraction
Protraction
Elevation
Depression
Rotation - glenohumeral joint point superior or inferior

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3
Q

Posterior Muscle - Axial to pectoral girdle

A

Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

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4
Q

Trapezius

A

Elevates scapula
Retracts scapula
Depress scapula

accessory nerve innervation

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5
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Elevates scapula
Dorsal Scapular n. innervation

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6
Q

Rhomboid minor

A

Superior to Rhomboid major
Retracts scapula
Dorsal Scapular n. Innervation

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7
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

Inferior to minor
Retracts scapula
Dorsal Scapular n. Innervation

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8
Q

Anterior Muscle - Axial to pectoral girdle

A

Serrartus anterior
Pectoralis minor

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9
Q

Serratus anterior

A

holds scapula to body
Protracts scapula
Rotates scapula
Long thoracic nerve c5,6,7

Paralysis of serratus anterior
Winging of the scapula

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10
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Protracts scapula
Elevates ribs when scapula is stationary to assist in inhalation
Medial pectoral n. Innervation

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11
Q

Axial skeleton to humerus muscle

A

Pectoralis major
Latissimus Dorsi

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12
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Adducts arm (shoulder)
Medically rotates arm (shoulder)

Medial pectoral n.
Lateral pectoral n.
Innervation

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13
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Adducts arm (shoulder)
Extends arm (shoulder)
Medially rotates arm (shoulder)

Thoracodorsal n. Innervation

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14
Q

Muscles Pectoral girdle to humerus

A

ROTATOR CUFF
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Teres major
Deltoid

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15
Q

Rotator Cuff

A

SITS muscles
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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16
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Abducts arm (shoulder)
Suprascapular nerve innervation

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17
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Lateral rotation of arm (shoulder)
Suprascapular nerve innervation

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18
Q

Teres minor

A

lateral rotation of arm (shoulder)
Axillary nerve innervation

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19
Q

Subscapularis

A

Medial rotation of arm (shoulder)
Upper Subscapular n. Lower Subscapular n. Innervation

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20
Q

Teres major

A

Starts posterior and moves anterior
Adducts arm (shoulder)
Extends arm (shoulder)
Medial rotation of arm (shoulder)
Low Subscapular innervation

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21
Q

Deltoid

A

Anterior - flex arm (shoulder) and medial rotation of arm (shoulder)
Middle - Abducts arm (shoulder)
Posterior - Extends arm (shoulder) lateral rotation of arm (shoulder)

Axillary nerve innervation

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22
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Short head, long head
Forearm flexion when supinated
Supination of forearm (radioulnar)
Slight arm flexion (shoulder)

Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

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23
Q

Coracobrachialis

A

Flexion of arm (shoulder)
Adducts arm (shoulder)

Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

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24
Q

Brachialis

A

Flexes forearm (elbow)
Musculocutaneous nerve innervation

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25
Posterior arm muscles
Extensors Triceps brachii -long head -lateral head -medial head
26
Triceps brachii
Extends forearm (elbow) Extends arm (shoulder) long head only Radial nerve innervation
27
Forearm muscle identification
Anterior forearm - flexor Posterior forearm - extensor Tendon related to thumb - radialis and abducts wrist, pollicis Tendon related to pinky - ulnaris and adducts wrist, 2-5 digitorum
28
Anterior forearm
Pronates forearm and flex wrist and digits 8 muscles All innervated by median nerve besides 1 1/2 by ulnar
29
Superficial anterior forearm
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar nerves) Flexor digitorum superficialis P(2)F(3)P(4)F(5)
30
Pronator teres
Pronatees the forearm Flexes the elbow Median nerve innervation
31
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexes wrist Abducts wrist Median nerve innervation
32
Palmaris longues
Flexes wrist Median nerve innervation
33
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist Adducts wrists Ulnar nerve innervation
34
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexes digits 2-5 Flexes wrist Median nerve innervation
35
Deep anterior forearm muscle
Flexor digitorum profundus (half innervated by ulnar nerve) Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus
36
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexes digits 2-5 Flexes wrist Median nerve (2&3) Ulnar nerve (4&5)
37
Flexor pollicis longus
Flexes Pollux Flexes wrist Median nerve innervation
38
Pronator quadratus
Pronates forearm Median nerve innervation
39
Posterior forearm
Supinators of forearm and extensor of wrist and digits Radial nerve innervation
40
Superficial posterior forearm muscle
brachioradialis (not an extensor) Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Anconeus
41
Brachioradialis
Flexes elbow Radial nerves innervation
42
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extends wrist Abducts wrist Radial nerve innervation
43
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extends wrist Abducts wrist Radial nerve innervation
44
Extensor digitorum
Extends digits 2-5 Extends wrist Radial nerve innervation
45
Extensor digiti minimi
Extends digit 5 Extends wrist Radial nerve innervation
46
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends wrist Adducts wrist Radial nerve innervation
47
Anconeus
Extends elbow Radial nerve innervation
48
Deep posterior forearm muscle
Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis
49
Supinator
Supinates forearm Radial nerve innervation
50
Abductor pollicis longus
Abducts pollux Extends pollux Radial nerve innervation
51
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extends Pollux Radial
52
Extensor Pollicis longus
Extends Pollux Radial nerve innervation
53
Extensor indicis
Extends digit 2 Radial nerve innervation
54
Hand muscles
5 of 20 muscles are innervated by median nerve the rest are innervated by ulnar nerve Thénar eminence Hypothenar eminence Lumbricals Adductor pollicis Palmar and Dorsal interosseous
55
Eminences
Flexor, abductor, opponens
56
Abductor digiti minimi
Abducts digits 5 Ulnar nerve innervation
57
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Flexes digit 5 Ulnar nerve innervation
58
Opponents digiti minimi
Opposes digit 5 Ulnar nerve innervation
59
Abductor pollicis brevis
Abducts Pollux Median nerve innervation
60
Flexor pollicis brevis
Flexes Pollux Median nerve innervation
61
Opponens Pollicis
Opposes Pollux Median nerve innervation
62
Lumbricals
1-4 from lateral to medial 1&2 by median nerve 3&4 by ulnar nerve Flex at the MP joint & extends at the IP joint
63
Adductor pollicis
Adducts Pollux Ulnar nerve innervation
64
Palmar interosseous muscle
Adduction of the digits (PAD) ulnar nerve innervation
65
Dorsal interosseous
Abduction of the digits (DAB) Ulnar nerve
66
Special Areas
Triangle of auscultation Cubital fossa Carpal tunnel Anatomical snuffbox
67
Triangle of auscultation
Trapezius, medial border of scapula, latissimus dorsi
68
Cubital fossa
Pronator teres (medial) Brachioradialis (lateral) Line between the epicondyles of humerus (superior) Floor Brachialis Supinator Tendon of biceps brachii Brachial artery Median nerve Median cubital vein lies superficial to everything
69
Carpal tunnel
4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Median nerve Carpal bones and flexor retinaculum
70
Anatomical Snuffbox
Abductor pollicis longus tendon & extensor pollicis brevis tendon ( anterior) Extensor pollicis longus tendon (posterior) Radial artery
71
Arteries upper limb
Right Left ventricle - ascending aorta - arch of aorta - brachiocephalic trunk - right subclavian artery Left Left ventricle- ascending aorta - arch of aorta - left subclavian artery
72
Blood supply
Subclavian passes lateral border of rib 1 to become axillary artery, axillary passes throw inferior border of teres major to become brachial artery, brachial artery splits into radial and ulnar artery, radial contributes to deep palmar arch ulnar splits into interosseous and superficial palmar arch.
73
Brachial artery
Gives off deep brachial artery traveling with radial nerve to posterior arm
74
Radial and ulnar arteries
Brachial artery branches into radial (lateral) and ulnar (medial) Radial empties into deep palmar arterial arch Ulnar empties into superficial palmar arterial arch Ulnar immediately gives off to common interosseous then travels along the medial before entering the palm
75
Anastomoses
Arterial anastomoses- different arteries serving same territory Venous anastomoses- abundant, more than one vein draining the same tissue
76
Venous return from upper limbs
Deep veins Accompany arteries Predominantly deep to muscles Forearm has two vein per artery Venae comitantes
77
Superficial veins
Located subcutaneous just deep to skin Cephalic vein - travels lateral in forearm and arm, drain into axillary Basilic vein - travels medial in arm and forearm, drain join brachial venae comitantes to form axillary vein
78
Median cubital vein
Connection between the basilic and cephalic veins Lies anterior to the cubital fossa and bicipital aponeurosis Commonly used for venipuncture
79
Venous return flow chart
Dorsum venus anastomoses-cephalic, basilic-axillary-subclavian (internal jugular joins)-brachipocephalic (r and l)-superior vena cava-right atrium
80
Spinal nerves
Dorsal root - Afferent (sensory) Ventral root - Efferent (Motor) Joins to form spinal nerve and splits into dorsal ramus and ventral ramus Dorsal ramus innervates the erector spinal and the ventral ramus innervates the rest of the upper body - for unit 3 its the upper limbs. 8 cervical nerves (7 vertebrae) 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal
81
Spinal nerve names
C1-7 spinal nerves - located superior to the vertebrae they exit out of C8 spinal nerves - exit below C7 vertebrae T1 and inferior spinal nerves - inferior to the corresponding vertebrae naming
82
Ventral Rami
All except T1-T12 merge to form plexuses Brachial plexus C5-T1 T1 -T12 inter coastal nerves
83
Brachial Plexus
C5-T1 Musculocutaneous (C5-7) Median (C5-T1) Ulnar (C8-T1) Radial (C5-T1) Axillary (C5-6)
84
Muscuolocutaneous Nerve
C5-7 Direct continuation of the lateral cord Pierces through coracobrachialis muscle Runs between the biceps brachii and Brachialis Entire anterior arm
85
Median Nerve
C5-T1 Formed from ventral rami Formed 1/2 by lateral cord and 1/2 by medial cord Enters forearm by passing through cubital fossa Runs between flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus in anterior forearm innervates all but 1 1/2 muscles of the anterior forearm and only 5 intrinsic hand muscles
86
Ulnar nerve
Formed from the ventral rami from spinal cord levels C8-T1 Direct continuation of medial cord Runs posterior to the medial epicondyle Runs medially within the anterior forearm Innervates 1 1/2 muscles in anterior forearm and innervates all but 5 intrinsic hand muscles
87
Radial Nerve
Formed from ventral rami from spinal cord levels C5-T1 Direct continuation of the posterior cord Passes posterior to the humerus within the radial groove Innervates all of the posterior upper limb muscles
88
Axillary Nerve
C5-C6 Branch off the posterior cord Passes posterior to the humerus around surgical neck Deltoid and teres minor innervation
89
Innervation exceptions for median vs ulnar
Ulnar nerve innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and half of flexor digitorum profundus Median nerve innervates all of the other forearm muscles m
90
Long thoracic nerve
C5-C7 Innervates the serratus anterior
91
Thoracodorsal nerve
C6-C8 branches off posterior cord Innervates latissimus dorsi

ANATOMY 2300 (11 decks)

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