Urban Flashcards
(16 cards)
Facts Rio
Rio contributes 5% of Brazil’s GDP
Opportunity in Rio social
🧑⚕️ Social Opportunities
- Healthcare Access
• Medical teams have been deployed into favelas like Santa Marta, where health services were poor.
• Infant mortality fell from 50 per 1000 to 20 per 1000 births in some areas.
✅ Why is this good?
Better healthcare reduces death rates and improves life expectancy, helping people live longer and healthier lives
Rio economic opportunity
Economic Opportunities
- Job Creation
• Major industries: oil, tourism, steel, manufacturing, finance.
• The 2016 Olympics and 2014 World Cup created over 90,000 jobs.
✅ Why is this good?
More jobs reduce unemployment and poverty, increase income and improve quality of life.
Rio tourism
Tourism Opportunities
- Global Tourism Hub
• Rio is famous for its beaches (e.g. Copacabana), Carnival, and landmarks like Christ the Redeemer (one of the New 7 Wonders of the World).
✅ Why is this good?
Generates billions in income, supports jobs in hotels, restaurants, and transport.
Rio opportunities environment
Favela Bairro Project
• Urban regeneration of favelas includes paving roads, sanitation, electricity, waste collection and legal land ownership.
✅ Why is this good?
Improves hygiene, safety, and living standards, while integrating favelas into the formal city.
• Started in the 1990s by the local government of Rio.
• Focused on turning favelas into legal, sustainable neighbourhoods
Rio challenges social
Around 1 in 5 people live in favelas (slums) – overcrowded, poorly built settlements often on dangerous hillsides.
• Example: Rochina, the largest favela, suffers from cramped housing, illegal electricity connections, and little sewage treatment.
❌ Why is this bad?
• Increases risk of landslides, fires, and disease.
• Living in unsafe, unsanitary conditions leads to poor health and low life expectancy.
Rio challenges economic
• Unemployment is over 20% in some favelas, especially among young people.
• Many rely on informal jobs (e.g. street vending, recycling) with no security or rights.
❌ Why is this bad?
• Leads to low incomes, poor living standards, and limited access to housing and education.
• Weakens Rio’s economy and increases inequality.
Crime people not educated 14year drop from school
Newcastle opportunity’s
Education and Universities
• Newcastle is home to two major universities: Newcastle University and Northumbria University, which attract over 50,000 students.
• World-class research and teaching bring young, skilled people to the city.
✅ Why is this good?
Increases the skilled workforce, supports innovation, and boosts the economy with student spending.
Newcastle opportunity
Science and Business Hubs
• The Newcastle Helix site is a £350 million development combining research, business, and living.
• Focus on digital tech, life sciences, and sustainability.
✅ Why is this good?
Attracts high-tech businesses, boosts investment, and creates skilled jobs.
Urban change has created challenges social
Poor Housing Conditions
• In Walker, much of the housing is old and poorly maintained, with issues such as damp, mould, and poor insulation.
• Many houses were built during the post-war era and have not been modernised.
📌 Evidence: Walker has some of the lowest-rated housing in Newcastle according to the city council’s housing survey.
Urban change has created challenges economic
Unemployment and Skills Gap
• After the collapse of shipbuilding and coal industries, areas like Walker suffered from long-term job losses.
• Many residents lack the skills for new jobs in science, tech, and finance sectors.
📌 Evidence: Walker has an unemployment rate twice the city average and many households rely on benefits or low-paid jobs.
❌ Why this is bad: Creates economic inequality, reduces income, and limits access to housing, education, and healthcare.
Urban change
Urban change has led to gentrification in regenerated areas like Ouseburn, pushing up housing prices and forcing lower-income residents out.
📌 Evidence: House prices in Ouseburn rose by over 50% between 2010–2020 due to regeneration.
❌ Why this is bad:
• Local people can’t afford to live near jobs and services.
Sustainable
Example: London’s Public Transport and Cycling Network
• London has invested heavily in public transport, including the London Underground, electric buses, and bike hire schemes.
• The Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) encourages drivers to use cleaner vehicles.
🔍 Why this is good:
• Environmental: Reduces air pollution and CO₂ emissions, helping fight climate change.
Cycle use has increased by over 100% in London since 2000.
Sustainable 2
Bristol runs weekly kerbside collections for plastic, paper, food waste, and glass.
• The city also runs public campaigns to encourage waste reduction.
🔍 Why this is good:
• Environmental: Less waste goes to landfill, reducing methane emissions.
Bristol’s recycling rate is over 45%, one of the highest in the UK.
Opportunity in Newcastle china town
Promotes multiculturalism and celebrates diversity through events like Chinese New Year.
• Encourages community cohesion and intercultural understanding.
📌 Evidence: The Chinese New Year festival attracts thousands of visitors each year and includes traditional dance, food stalls, and music.
🔍 Why this is good:
• Builds a sense of pride and identity among the Chinese community.
St James park
St. James’ Park is home to Newcastle United FC and is located in the city centre. It’s a major sporting venue with a capacity of over 52,000.
✅ Social Opportunity
• Acts as a community hub, bringing together people of all ages and backgrounds.
Evidence: Newcastle United Foundation runs programmes like NU Futures, helping young people in deprived areas through sport.
🔍 Why this is good:
• Promotes social inclusion and youth development.
