Urban Issues and Challenges

Question 1

What is an example of a major city in the UK?

Answer 1

Bristol

Question 2

What are the 3 social opportunities created by the urban change in Bristol?

Answer 2

1. Cultural mix.
2. Recreation.
3. Entertainment.

Question 3

What is recreation?

Answer 3

An activity done for enjoyment.

Question 4

What are 3 factors affecting Bristol’s social opportunities?

Answer 4

1. Bristol’s population is growing rapidly.
2. High levels of migration have resulted in an ethnically diverse population.
3. Over 2 million people live within 50km of the city.

Question 5

What are the 4 examples of cultural mix in Bristol?

Answer 5

1. Art.
2. Museums.
3. Festivals.
4. Food and music.

Question 6

What is an example of a major city in a LIC/NEE (urban issues and challenges)?

Answer 6

Mumbai

Question 7

What is the population of Mumbai?

Answer 7

23 million

Question 8

What is the cause of population growth in Mumbai?

Answer 8

Rural to urban migration

Question 9

What are 3 facts about the national importance of Mumbai?

Answer 9

1. Commercial and financial capital of India.
2. 60% of India’s sea trade.
3. Contributes 40% of the total income of Maharashtra.

Question 10

What are 3 facts about the global importance of Mumbai?

Answer 10

1. Most globalised city in SE Asia (has the largest number of TNCs).
2. Busiest port and airport in India.
3. Home to Bollywood and the India Stock Market.

Question 11

What are 3 social opportunities of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 11

1. Better access to services.
2. Good community spirit and support.
3. Incomes are higher and more reliable.

Question 12

What is the average income in Mumbai?

Answer 12

$2845 per year

Question 13

What is the average income in the rest of Maharashtra?

Answer 13

$1660 per year

Question 14

What are 2 economic opportunities of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 14

1. More employment opportunities.
2. Urban poor provide a massive labour force.

Question 15

What is 1 environmental opportunity of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 15

80% of Mumbai’s waste is recycled in Dharavi.

Question 16

What are 3 social challenges of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 16

1. Sanitation - 1 toilet per 500 people.
2. Health and education are in very limited supply.
3. Rising unemployment and crime levels.

Question 17

What is 1 economic challenge of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 17

Limited space and money to build more houses.

Question 18

What are 3 environmental challenges of urban growth in Mumbai?

Answer 18

1. More litter - more malaria.
2. Lack of sanitation so drinking water is polluted - cholera.
3. More cars - More air pollution.

Question 19

What is an example of an area where urban transport strategies are used to reduce traffic congestion?

Answer 19

London

Question 20

What are 3 impacts of traffic congestion?

Answer 20

1. People late to work.
2. Air pollution.
3. Lower quality of life.

Question 21

What is a major cause of traffic congestion in London?

Answer 21

Rising construction activity.

Question 22

What has been the impact of the installation of superhighways in London?

Answer 22

Number of cyclists has increased by 60%.

Question 23

What are the 4 urban transport strategies being used to reduce traffic congestion in London?

Answer 23

1. London Underground.
2. Oyster Cards.
3. Congestion Charging Zone.
4. Bike Sharing Scheme.

Question 24

Describe the London Underground strategy.

Answer 24

The Jubilee Line has been extended.

Question 25

What is an Oyster Card?

Answer 25

A travel payment method which allows people to use buses, trains and tubes quickly and efficiently.

Question 26

What is the Congestion Charging Zone?

Answer 26

A fee is charged to any vehicle travelling in Central London between 7am and 6pm, Monday to Friday.

Question 27

What is the Bike Sharing Scheme?

Answer 27

'Boris Bikes' can be self-hired in many public places in London for as little as £2 for short journeys.

Question 28

What are the 3 impacts of the urban transport strategies?

Answer 28

1. Traffic congestion, accidents and pollution levels have all been reduced. 2. There has been increased investment in public transport. 3. Bus services are more reliable.

Question 29

Give 2 reasons why Bristol is important.

Answer 29

1. Has 2 universities. 2. Is the transport hub of the SW of England, with an international airport and good rail links to Europe.

Question 30

What are 3 economic opportunities created by urban change in Bristol?

Answer 30

1. Close links between the city council and the university. 2. An educated and skilled workforce. 3. Advanced research at the university.