Ureogenesis

Question 1

GLUTAMINE SYNTHESIS activator

Answer 1

a-ketoglutarate

Question 2

Glutamine Synthetase

Answer 2

in most tissues

irreversible

captures excess nitrogen by aminating glutamate to form glutamine

Question 3

Glutaminase

Answer 3

in the kidneys

irreversible

deaminates glutamine and releasing the ammonium (NH4) ion into urine

Question 4

aminotransferases

Answer 4

requires B6

transfers the amino group

Question 5

UREOGENESIS

Answer 5

Synthesis of urea

Only in liver

(aspartate enters, fumarate leaves; but if glugoneogenesis is active, then fumarate can be converted into glucose)

Question 6

UREOGENESIS key enzyme

Answer 6

Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase I

Question 7

UREOGENESIS activated by

Answer 7

N-acetylglutamate

Question 8

hepatic coma abnormal liver function

Answer 8

increased glutamine (cannot be released)

increased ammonia

decreased urea

Question 9

CREATIN KINASE

Answer 9

REVERSIBLE
depends on ADP/ATP concentrations

begins with glycine and arginine

Question 10

CREATIN KINASE ISOZYME MM

Answer 10

muscle

Question 11

CREATIN KINASE ISOZYME MB

Answer 11

heart

Question 12

CREATIN KINASE ISOZYME BB

Answer 12

brain

Question 13

creatinine

Answer 13

marker or nutrition

marker of kidney damage

extremely toxic