Urinalysis 2

Question 1

Anuria

Answer 1

Not producing urine

Question 2

Ketonuria

Answer 2

Excretion of abnormally large amounts of ketone bodies in urine

Question 3

Micturition

Answer 3

Urinating

Question 4

Oliguria

Answer 4

Production of abnormally small amounts of urine

Question 5

Pollakiuria

Answer 5

Frequent small voids of urine

Question 6

Polyuria

Answer 6

Production of LOTS of urine

Question 7

Proteinuria

Answer 7

Presence of abnormal quantities of protein in the urine

Question 8

Cast

Answer 8

Building a mold of something

Question 9

Isosthenuria

Answer 9

Urine whose SG is not greater or less than that of protein free plasma

Question 10

Polydipsia

Answer 10

Abnormally great thirst

Question 11

Urolithiasis

Answer 11

Stones in bladder or urinary tract

Question 12

Urolith

Answer 12

Stone

Question 13

Crystalluria

Answer 13

Crystals found in urine

Question 14

Cystitis

Answer 14

Inflammation of bladder

Question 15

Azotemia

Answer 15

Waste in blood

Question 16

Normal amounts of erythrocytes in urine

Answer 16

0-3/hpf

Question 17

Concentrated urine makes erythrocytes what

Answer 17

Shrink / crenate

Question 18

Dilute urine causes erythrocytes to what

Answer 18

Swell

Question 19

Normal amount of leukocytes in urine

Answer 19

0-5/hpf

Question 20

Leukocytes can be contaminates of what

Answer 20

Lower urinary tract

Question 21

Three types of epithelial cells

Answer 21

Squamous, transitional, renal

Question 22

Squamous epithelial cells come from where and indicate what in large numbers?

Answer 22

Distal urethra, vagina, vulva prepuce ; not significant

Question 23

Transitional epithelial cells come from where and indicate what in large numbers?

Answer 23

Bladder, ureters, renal pelvis, proximal urethra ; cystitis / pyelonephritis

Question 24

Renal epithelial cells come from where and indicate what in large numbers?

Answer 24

Renal tubules ; parenchymal damage

Question 25

Where are casts formed?

Answer 25

Lumen of distal and collecting tubules of the kidney

Question 26

4 things that need to be present to form casts

Answer 26

⬆️salt concentration ⬆️time through tubules Lower pH Protein present

Question 27

What 3 conditions can casts indicate

Answer 27

Irritation, inflammation, and degenerative kidneys

Question 28

Two normal types of casts and in what amount?

Answer 28

Hyline and granular ; 0-1/LPF

Question 29

Most common cast

Answer 29

Granular

Question 30

Waxy casts look like what

Answer 30

Wider with square ends

Question 31

Crystal formation is influenced by what

Answer 31

pH, concentration, elements from renal activity

Question 32

Struvites are AKA

Answer 32

Triple phosphate

Question 33

Struvite Crystal are most oftenly associated with what

Answer 33

UTI

Question 34

2 crystals associated with Dalmatians

Answer 34

Uric acid and ammonium urate

Question 35

Normal crystals found in horse and rabbit URINE

Answer 35

Calcium carbonate

Question 36

What crystals are found with ethylene glycol toxicity

Answer 36

Monohydrate calcium oxolate

Question 37

What is the danger of sulfonamide crystal formation

Answer 37

Stones can damage tubules

Question 38

Kidneyworm AKA

Answer 38

Dioctophyma renale

Question 39

Bladderworm AKA

Answer 39

Pearsonema plica

Question 40

Quivering bacteria is AKA

Answer 40

Brownian movement

Question 41

Many bacteria + many WBCs =

Answer 41

UTI

Question 42

What do mucus strands indicate

Answer 42

Irritation

Question 43

2 most common types of stones in cats and dogs

Answer 43

Struvite and calcium oxalate

Question 44

Ammonium biurate develops in what pH

Answer 44

Acidic

Question 45

Amorphous phosphate develops in what pH

Answer 45

Neutral

Question 46

Amorphous urate develops in what pH

Answer 46

Acidic

Question 47

Bilirubin Crystal develops in what pH

Answer 47

Acidic

Question 48

Calcium carbonate develops in what pH

Answer 48

Neutral

Question 49

Calcium oxolate develops in what pH

Answer 49

Acidic

Question 50

Cystine, leucine, Tyrosine develops in what pH

Answer 50

Acidic

Question 51

Triple phosphate develops in what pH

Answer 51

Acidic

Question 52

Uric acid develops in what pH

Answer 52

Acidic