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altered phys final > urinary disorders > Flashcards

urinary disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the accumulation of urine in the ureter?

A

hydroureter

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2
Q

What is the enlargement of renal pelvis and calyces?

A

hydronephrosis

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3
Q

What is the dilation of both the ureter and renal pelvis?

A

uterohydronephrosis

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4
Q

What illness can cause postobstructive diuresis?

A

nephrogenic diabetes impetus

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5
Q

How are kidney stones classified?

A

based on their mineral components

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6
Q

What steps lead to kidney stones?

A

higher presence of salt and inability to dissolve -> precipitation into a solid form -> crystallization

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7
Q

How can we evaluate kidney stones?

A

imaging or 24-hour urinalysis

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8
Q

What is dyssynergia?

A

hyper or hypo reflexia of the detrusor muscle

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9
Q

What is the inflammation of urinary epithelium caused by bacteria?

A

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

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10
Q

What is the inflammation of the bladder?

A

cystitis

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11
Q

Which type of cystitis can be nonbacterial and common in young women?

A

interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome)

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12
Q

What is the inflammation of the ureter and renal pelvis?

A

pyelonephritis

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13
Q

What is the inflammation of the glomerulus?

A

glomerulonephritis

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14
Q

What most commonly causes glomerulonephritis?

A

immune system dysfunction

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15
Q

What are the two symptoms of glomerulonephritis?

A

hematuria (blood in urine) and proteinuria (protein in urine)

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16
Q

What is the syndrome causing excretion of 3.5 g of protein a day/

A

nephrotic syndrome

17
Q

What is the most common type of acute kidney injury?

A

prerenal AKI (causing impaired blood flow)

18
Q

Which acute kidney injury causes acute tubular necrosis?

A

intrarenal AKI

19
Q

What are the three phases of acute kidney injuries?

A

initiation (evolving), maintenance (oliguric), recovery (polyuric)

20
Q

Which urinary disorder can affect all organ systems?

A

chronic kidney injury

21
Q

How many stages can chronic kidney injury disease progress to?

A

5 stages

22
Q

Which chronic kidney injuries are due to glomerular hyperfiltration?

A

proteinuria and uremia

23
Q

What occurs when the GFR rate drops to 30-40%?

A

metabolic acidosis

24
Q

What blood illness can chronic kidney injuries cause?

A

anemias

25
Q

What are some nutrient symptoms of chronic kidney injury?

A

hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypocalcemia

26
Q

What is the most common type of tumour in the bladder?

A

transitional cell carcinoma

altered phys final (6 decks)

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