Urinary System Flashcards
(21 cards)
What concludes the urinary system
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
what is the function of the urinary system
processes blood plasma, maintains homeostasis (pH, blood volume, Electrolyte concentration), removes urea and stores urine
the four parts of the nephron tube
- Bowman’s capsule
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Loop of Henlé
- Distal convoluted tubule
Steps of the nephron
- Filtration of plasma occurs in
glomerulus - Collected into Bowman’s capsule
- Initial absorption by proximal
convoluted tubule - Water leaves nephron and is
returned to blood plasma in loop
of Henlé - Distal convoluted tubule
responds to hormonal control to
fine tune urine concentration
important of urine concentration
animals living in different climates need the ability to conserve water
Loop of henle adaptations for animals in different climates
longer- desert,
shorter- abundance of fresh water
what is the kidney structures
capsule, cortex, medulla
why are rumen kidneys different to humans
Development of rumen during
weaning applies pressure to
more mobile left kidney. Causes shape to develop into a
twist
function of the medulla in the kidney
maintaining water and electrolyte balance through reabsorption, medullary concentration gradient and electrolyte regulation
function of the cortex in the kidney
blood facilitation, waste removal (first stages of urine formation) and maintaining homeostasis in the body
function of the capsule in the kidney
crucial for the kidneys protection, support, barrier to prevent the spread of infections and to contain the internal structures of the kidney
anatomy of the kidney lobes
Each lobe contains a renal pyramid
Division into lobes helps the kidney perform its complex functions
function of the renal pyramid
Filters the blood and the location where urine is initially formed as blood
The renal pyramids have collecting ducts that transport the urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis
what is the impact of the renal artery in the kidneys
main blood supply, carries O2 blood and waste products to be filtered
what is the impact of the Segmental Arteries in the kidneys
smaller arteries divided from the renal artery. supply diffrent kidney regions of the kidney
what is the impact of the Interlobar Arteries in the kidneys
Supply blood to the renal cortex
what are the two muscles in the ureters
external longitudinal and internal circular
layer
the process of the development of the cloaca
During folding of the embryo,
the gut tube develops a fold at
its caudal end
* Dilation of the folded region
forms a pouch, called the cloaca
what is septation
a septum that grows inferiorly and divides the cloaca into the urogenital sinus and anorectal canal
Internal bladder anatomy
Wall - detrusor muscle
Trigone - smooth portion derived
from mesonephric ducts
Bounded by ureters and urethra
Internal urinary sphincter
Mucosa – highly folded to allow
Distention
what epithelium is the bladder made up off
Transitional epithelium
Urepithelium
Changes form with distention
