urinary system

Question 1

whats another name for the urinary system?

Answer 1

excretory system

Question 2

whats the function of the urinary system?

Answer 2

excretion, maintain homeostasis, RBC production

Question 3

what’s excretion?

Answer 3

removal of metabolic waste from the body and excess water

Question 4

whats urea?

Answer 4

metabolic waste from the breakdown of amino acids in the liver that causes a release of ammonia

Question 5

whats uric acid?

Answer 5

metabolic waste that can form crystals in the joints producing grout

Question 6

whats creatinine?

Answer 6

muscle waste product

Question 7

whats NacI?

Answer 7

it causes osmosis, leads to greater blood volume

Question 8

ADH?

Answer 8

reduces urine volume, reabsorb more water into blood, urine decreses

Question 9

aldosterone?

Answer 9

increases sodium re absorption, water excreted decreases

Question 10

erythropoietin?

Answer 10

something thats secreted by the kisney and stimulates the productions of rbc’s

Question 11

what do the kidneys look like?

Answer 11

red/ brown color and shaped like a bean

Question 12

where are the kidneys located?

Answer 12

on either side of the vertebral column just above the waist

Question 13

what are the two main sections of the kidneys?

Answer 13

cortex and medulla

Question 14

whats the cortex?

Answer 14

the outer section of the kidney that contains most of the nephrons

Question 15

whats the medulla?

Answer 15

the inner section of the kidney that contains most of the collecting tubes

Question 16

hilum?

Answer 16

areea through witch the ureter, nerves, blood and lymph vessels enter and leave the kidney

Question 17

whats the nephron?

Answer 17

the functional part of the kidney

Question 18

where is the nephron located?

Answer 18

cortex

Question 19

whats the glomerulus?

Answer 19

cluster of capillaries

Question 20

whats the bowman’s capsule

Answer 20

c- shaped structer surrounding the glomerulus

Question 21

whats located in the nephron?

Answer 21

glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, convoluted tube and the collecting ducts/tube

Question 22

what are the ureters?

Answer 22

tubes that extend from the kidney to bladder

Question 23

ureters function?

Answer 23

propels urine to the bladder and is the mucous lining

Question 24

whats the urinary bladder?

Answer 24

hollow muscular organ that stores urine

Question 25

how many ml of urine can the bladder hold?

Answer 25

600ml

Question 26

how many ml of urine dose it take before you feel the need to pee?

Answer 26

250ml

Question 27

what's rugae?

Answer 27

allows expansion of the urinary bladder

Question 28

whats the urethra?

Answer 28

the tube that extends from the bladder to the outside

Question 29

whats the function of the urethra in woman?

Answer 29

just carries the urine and allows internal and external sphincters to open

Question 30

whats the function of the urethra in men?

Answer 30

carries the urine, its the pathway for sperm and allows internal and external sphincters to open

Question 31

whats the difference in the urethra between woman and men?

Answer 31

the men's is longer

Question 32

whats the urinary meatus?

Answer 32

the external opening

Question 33

what the urethra controlled by?

Answer 33

the nervous system

Question 34

conditions affecting urination?

Answer 34

polyuria, oliguria, anuria, hematuria, pyuria, nocturia, dysuria, retention, incontinence, proteinuria, albuminuria

Question 35

what does the condition polyuria affect urination

Answer 35

above normal urine output, more than 2000mil a day

Question 36

what does the condition oliguria affect urination

Answer 36

amount of urine below normal, usually less than 500mil a day

Question 37

what does the condition anurina affect urination

Answer 37

no urine output

Question 38

what does the condition hematuria affect urination

Answer 38

blood in the urine

Question 39

what does the condition pyuria affect urination

Answer 39

pus in the urine

Question 40

what does the condition nocturia affect urination

Answer 40

urination at night

Question 41

what does the condition dysuria affect urination

Answer 41

painful urination

Question 42

what does the condition retention affect urination

Answer 42

inability to empty the bladder

Question 43

what does the condition incontinence affect urination

Answer 43

lack of voluntary control over urination

Question 44

what does the condition proteinuria affect urination

Answer 44

protein in the urine

Question 45

what does the condition glycosuria affect urination

Answer 45

sugar in the urine

Question 46

what does the condition albuminuria affect urination

Answer 46

albumin in urine

Question 47

whats cystitis?

Answer 47

bladder infection where the bladder is inflamed

Question 48

how dose cystitis occur?

Answer 48

when pathogens enter the urinary meatus

Question 49

why is cystitis more common in females?

Answer 49

because they have a shorter urethra

Question 50

is cystitis more common in makes or females?

Answer 50

females

Question 51

what are the symptoms of cystitis?

Answer 51

frequent burning, painful urination, hematuria and pyuria, lower back pain, spasm, fever.

Question 52

whats the treatment of cystitis?

Answer 52

antibiotics and increase fluid intake

Question 53

whats a renal calculus?

Answer 53

its a kidney stone often lodged in the renal pelvis or ureter

Question 54

whats the symptoms of renal calculus?

Answer 54

severe pain, hematuria, nausea and vomiting

Question 55

whats the treatment of renal calculus?

Answer 55

increase fluids, pain medication, lithotripsy and surgery

Question 56

whats acute renal failure?

Answer 56

when the kidneys suddenly stop working.

Question 57

what is the cause of acute renal failure?

Answer 57

by hemorrhage, shock, injury and poisoning

Question 58

what are symptoms of acute renal failure?

Answer 58

oliguria, anuria, headaches, edema, arrhythmia and uremia

Question 59

whats the treatment of acute renal failure?

Answer 59

restrict fluid intake, correct underlying condition and dialysis

Question 60

whats dialysis?

Answer 60

removes waste products from blood- acts as kidney

Question 61

whats the prognosis of acute renal failure?

Answer 61

good

Question 62

whats chronic renal failure?

Answer 62

progressive loss of kidney function where waste products accumulate in the blood

Question 63

whats the symptoms of chronic renal failure?

Answer 63

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, uremic frost and decreased mental ability

Question 64

whats the treatment of chronic renal failure?

Answer 64

kidney transplant

Question 65

whats perirenal fat?

Answer 65

protection holding the kidney in place

Question 66

whats the bladder?

Answer 66

receives urine from ureters and stores it

Question 67

what are the organs that make up the urinary system?

Answer 67

2 kidneys, 1 bladder and 1 urethra

Question 68

which stucture is uniquely male?

Answer 68

prostate gland

Question 69

where is the prostate gland located?

Answer 69

just under the bladder

Question 70

as a whole system itself what are the three jobs of the urinary system?

Answer 70

removal of waste, regulation of electrolyte balance and regulation of acid base homeostasis

Question 71

renal tubules?

Answer 71

reabsorption of needed substances and excretion of waste products

Question 72

what happens in the glomerulus and bowman's capsule?

Answer 72

filtration of blood occurs here

Question 73

what is the rhythmic wave- like motion of the involuntary muscle of the ureter called?

Answer 73

peristalsis

Question 74

what dose peristalsis do?

Answer 74

move urine from kidney to the bladder

Question 75

what is rugae?

Answer 75

folds in the bladder allowing expansion of the bladder