Urinary System Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is excretion?
The process of removing waste from the body
Which organ system(s) has(have) a role in excretion? Explain
The integumentary, respiratory, and the urinary system
What is the urinary system?
Contains the organs that remove waste products from your blood
How many kidneys does a person normally have?
Two
What do the kidneys do?
They constantly clean the blood. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
What is the job of the nephrons?
They remove wastes from the blood
What are nephrons? Where are they found?
Nephrons are microscopic filters in the kidney. Also they remove wastes form the blood
What is urine? What is it composed of?
A yellow fluid created in nephrons from water, urea, glucose salts, and amino acids
What are the ureters?
The muscular tubes that move urine from the kidneys to urinary bladder
What is the urinary bladder?
A muscular sac that stores urine until can be eliminated
What is the urethra?
A muscular tube that allows urine to leave the body (urination=process of eliminating urine)
Give the steps in the filtration of blood by the kidneys?
Step 1: A large artery brings blood into each kidney
Step 2: tiny blood vessels branch off the main artery and pass through part of each nephron
Step 3: Water and other small substances such as glucose, salts, amino acids, and urea are force out of the BV.
Step 4: Most H20 and some nutrients move back into blood and leaves concentrated waste in nephron
Step 5: clean blood leaves kidney via veins
Step 6: urine in nephrons leaves kidneys thru ureter urinary bladder
Step 7: Urination occurs thru urethra
Why do humans sweat?
To cool the body
Why does your body need to excrete as much water as it bring in?
The body swells up when more H20 is taken in than is excreted
What controls the balance of fluids in the body?
Hormones control the balance of fluids
What is one reason you feel thirsty?
Sweating reducing H20 content of blood, salivary glands produce less saliva, and feel thirsty
What does ADH stand for? What does it do?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) signals kidneys to move more H20 back into bloodstream, less urine produced, helps maintain H20 blood, not much ADH produced, and more urine produced
What effect does a diuretic have on your body? Give an example of a diuretic
Diuretics cause the body to produce more urine than normal, H20 levels in the blood drop, and dehydrate instead of hydrate.
Ex. caffein in coffee or soda
Kidney stones are made of?
Salts and other waste materials
how can bacteria get into the bladder and ureters?
Bacteria enter urinary tract via urethra
What can happen if the nephrons are damaged?
Damaged nephrons can lead to kidney disease, which can lead to need for dialysis (machine filters blood for kidneys)
Antidiuretic Hormone
- signals kidneys to move more H2O back into the bloodstream
- less urine produce
Kidneys
- clean the blood
- maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
- a normal person has two
Nephrons
- they are microscopic filters int eh kidney
- they remove wastes from the blood
