Urinary System

Question 1

Urinary system

Answer 1

The body system that produces, stores and eliminates urine, the fluid waste excreted by the kidneys. The kidneys make urine by filtering wastes and extra water from blood. Urine travels from the kidneys through two thin tubes called ureters and fills the bladder.

Question 2

Urine

Answer 2

A liquid waste product of the body that is formed by the kidneys and excreted by the other organs of the urinary system.

Question 3

Kidneys

Answer 3

One of a pair of organs of the excretory and urinary systems that filters wastes and excess water out of blood and forms urine.

Question 4

Blood

Answer 4

A body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. In vertebrates, it is composed of blood cells suspended in blood plasma.

Question 5

Nephrons

Answer 5

One of the million tiny structural and functional units of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.

Question 6

Renal pelvis

Answer 6

The funnel-like end of a ureter where it enters the kidney and where urine collects before it is transported through the ureter.

Question 7

Ureter

Answer 7

A muscular, tube-like organ of the urinary system that moves urine by peristalsis from a kidney to the bladder.

Question 8

Peristalsis

Answer 8

A distinctive pattern of smooth muscle contractions that propels foodstuffs distally through the esophagus and intestines.

Question 9

Urination

Answer 9

The process in which urine leaves the body through the external urethral orifice.

Question 10

Urea

Answer 10

Waste product of protein catabolism that is mainly filtered from blood in the kidneys and excreted in urine.

Question 11

Uric acid

Answer 11

A waste product of nucleic acid catabolism that is mainly filtered from blood by the kidneys and excreted in urine.

Question 12

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 12

Also called vasopressin. A hormone made by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It tells your kidneys how much water to conserve. ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood.

Question 13

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 13

A hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland which helps regulate blood calcium.

Question 14

Aldosterone

Answer 14

The main mineralocorticoid hormone which is responsible for sodium conservation in the kidney, salivary glands, sweat glands and colon.

Question 15

Autonomic

Answer 15

Division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary activities.

Question 16

Somatic

Answer 16

A division of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary activities.

Question 17

Metabolism

Answer 17

The chemical processes that occur in a living organism to sustain life.