Using Resources

Question 1

What’s happened to our use of natural resources a population has increased

Answer 1

Humans now rely on agriculture

Question 2

What does chemistry play a role in improving agricultural and industrial processes for

Answer 2

Allowing new products to be developed contributing towards sustainable development

Question 3

Potable water is…

Answer 3

Water that’s good quality and safe to drink

Question 4

Fresh water contains…

Answer 4

Low levels of dissolved salts

Question 5

Potable water process

Answer 5

1. Fresh water collected
2. Passed through a filter bed to remove solid particle
3. Chlorine gas added to kill microorganisms
4. Fluorine added to reduce tooth decay

Question 6

Process of seawater becoming safe to drink

Answer 6

Desalinated by distillation or reverse osmosis (expensive)

Question 7

What has to be removed from waste water

Answer 7

Organic matter, harmful microorganisms and toxic chemicals

Question 8

Sewage water treatment process:

Answer 8

1 screening and grit removed
2 sedimentation to produce sludge and effluent
3 anaerobic respiration of sludge
4 aerobic biological treatment or effluent

Question 9

What makes copper a useful metal

Answer 9

• good conductor of electricity and heat
• malleable but hard enough for water pipes
• doesn’t react with water

Question 10

How can copper be obtained (3ways)

Answer 10

Smelting, electrolysis and displacement

Question 11

What is phytomining

Answer 11

Plants grow and absorb copper and when burnt the ash contains copper

Question 12

What is bioleaching

Answer 12

Bacteria solution mixed with copper ore and bacteria converts copper into solution called leachate solution where copper can be easily extracted

Question 13

What do we use earths resources for

Answer 13

Shelter, food, warmth and transport

Question 14

What is agriculture

Answer 14

Farming

Question 15

What does sustainable mean

Answer 15

Meeting our needs without compromising the needs of future generations

Question 16

Equation for the corrosion of iron

Answer 16

Iron + water + oxygen ——> hydrated iron oxide

Question 17

What two things cause corrosion of metals

Answer 17

Oxygen and water

Question 18

How to prevent corrosion

Answer 18

• sacrificial method
• painting/ greasing
• galvanising

Question 19

What is galvanising

Answer 19

A layer of zinc over metal

Question 20

What is the sacrificial method

Answer 20

More reactive metal placed in contact with the metal

Question 21

Name three ceramics

Answer 21

• bricks
• pottery
• glass

Question 22

Name two types of glass

Answer 22

Soda like glass and borosilicate

Question 23

Give two examples of a composite material

Answer 23

Concert and fibre glass

Question 24

What makes up a composite

Answer 24

A reinforcement and the matrix

Question 25

What does the the life cycle assessment take into account

Answer 25

- extracting the raw mats - manufacturing of product - packaging and transportation - use - disposal

Question 26

What is the life cycle assessment

Answer 26

Assess the environments impact a product has in its lifetime

Question 27

Why do materials need to be reused and recycled

Answer 27

To save money and energy Make sure not used up Reduce amounts of waste produced Reduce environmental damage

Question 28

What is the haber process

Answer 28

Manufacturing of amino using hydrogen and nitrogen

Question 29

What are the two main materials used in the haber process

Answer 29

Hydrogen and nitrogen

Question 30

How is ammonia made from hydrogen and nitrogen

Answer 30

Both nitrogen and hydrogen are passed over an IRON CATALYST and the amount is then put in a condenser to cool and turn into a liquid, the untracked hydrogen and nitrogen is recycled

Question 31

What temp is used for haber process

Answer 31

450

Question 32

What pressure haber process

Answer 32

200

Question 33

What does increasing the pressure of haber process do

Answer 33

Increases rate of reaction but dangerous

Question 34

What would a higher temp do to haber process

Answer 34

Faster reaction but low yield and would shift the equilibrium to the reactants

Question 35

Is the haber process endo or exo

Answer 35

Exothermic

Question 36

What three elements make up NPK fertilisers

Answer 36

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

Question 37

What do NPK fertilisers do

Answer 37

Increase essential elements and nutrients in the soil, increase agriculture

Question 38

Pros of formulated fertilisers vs manure

Answer 38

- not as complex - can be customised - better availability - odourless

Question 39

What does phosphorus rock and nitric acid produce

Answer 39

Phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate

Question 40

Wha does phosphorus rock and sukfuric acid produce

Answer 40

Single superphosphate

Question 41

Why does phosphate rock and phosphoric acid produce

Answer 41

Tripe superphosphate