USMLE- classic treatment Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Absence Seizures
A
Ethosuximide, VPA if with tonic-clonic
2
Q
Acute Gout Attack
A
NSAIDs, Colchicine
3
Q
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (M3)
A
All-trans vitamin A (Retinoic Acid)
4
Q
ADHD
A
Methylphenidate, amphetamines
5
Q
Alcohol Abuse
A
AA + disulfiram
6
Q
Alcohol Withdrawal
A
Benzos
7
Q
Anorexia
A
SSRIs (Really?)
8
Q
Anticoagulation during Pregnancy
A
Heparin
9
Q
GAD
A
Buspirone
10
Q
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
A
Class IB (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainamide)
11
Q
B12 deficiency
A
B12 (I don’t buy it)
12
Q
BPH
A
Tamsulosin, Finasteride
13
Q
Bipolar Disorder
A
Li, VPA, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine (mood stabilizers) + atypical antipsychotics
14
Q
Breast Cancer in Post-menopausal woman
A
Aromatase inhibitors (Anaztrazole, Exemestane)
15
Q
Buerger’s disease
A
Smoking cessation (thromboangiitis obliterans)
16
Q
Bulimia
A
SSRIs
17
Q
Candida
A
Systemic? Amphotericin B, Nystatin (thrush, esophagitis)
18
Q
Carcinoid syndrome
A
Octreotide
19
Q
Chlamydia Trachomatis
A
Doxycycline or azithromycin (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (ppx for infants)
20
Q
Chronic Gout
A
Allopurinol (overproducers), Probenecid (underexcretor)
21
Q
Chronic Hepatitis
A
IFN-alpha
22
Q
CML
A
Imatinib
23
Q
Clostridium Botulinum
A
Antitoxin
24
Q
C. Difficile
A
PO metronidazole/ PO Vancomycin
25
C. Tetani
Antitoxin, vaccine booster, diazepam
26
Crohn's disease
corticosteroids, infliximab (anti TNF)
27
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Fluconazole (ppx in AIDS)
28
Cystic Fibrosis
N-Acetylcysteine and anti-pseudomonal ppx (tobramycin/azithromycin)
29
CMV
Ganciclovir
30
Depression
SSRIs
31
DI
Desmopressin (central); HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
32
Type 1 DM
Dietary intervention (low sugar), insulin
33
Type 2 DM
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, insulin
34
DKA
Fluids, insulin, K
35
Enterococcus
Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminglycoside
36
Erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil
37
ER-positive breast cancer
Tamoxifen, raloxifene
38
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
39
H. Flu B
Rifampin Ppx
40
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
41
Heparin toxicity (rare)
Protamine Sulfate
42
HER2/new-positive breast cancer
Trastuzumab
43
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
44
Hypercholesterolemia
Statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, decrease endogenous cholesterol synthesis and increase LDLR)
45
Hypertriglyderidemia
Fibrates
46
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
47
Infertility
Pulsatile Leuprolide
48
Influenza
Oseltamivir, Rimantadine
49
Legionella pneumophila
Erythromycin
50
Long-term anticoagulation
Warfarin
51
Malaria
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont); primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
52
Malignant Hyperthermia
Dantrolene- decreases intracellular Ca by binding to ryanodine receptor and uncoupling excitation and contraction of skeletal muscles
53
Medical Abortion
Mifepristone (anti-progestin) and misoprostol (Prostaglandin analog)
54
Migraine
Sumatriptan
55
MRSA
Vancomycin
56
MS
Beta interferon, Immunosuppression, Natalizumab (against alpha4 integrin)
57
TB
Rifampin, INH, pyrazinmide, ethambutol (RIPE)
58
Neisseria Gonorrheae
Ceftriaxone (add doxy or azithro for CT)
59
Neisseria Meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin for ppx
60
PDA
Indomethacin to close, misoprostol to keep open
61
Pheochromocytoma
alpha antagonists e.g. Phenoxybenzamine
62
PCP
TMP-SMX ppx
63
Prolactinoma
Bromocriptine (DA agonist)
64
Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Continuous leuprolide
65
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillin (pip tazo) + aminoglycoside, Ceftazadime (3rd gen cephalosporin)
66
Pulmonary Hypertension (Idiopathic)
Bosentan, Sildenafil, Epoprostenol
67
Ricketsia Ricketsii
Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (esp in context of aplastic anemia)
68
Teniae (corporis, capitis, cruris, etc)
Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole
69
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
atypical antipsychotics (2nd generation: 5HT2 antagonists)
70
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
typical antipsychotics (1st and 2nd generation, D2 receptor antagonists)
71
SIADH
Demeclocycline, Lithium, Vasopressin receptor antagonists
72
Sickle Cell Anemia/Beta thalassemia
hydroxyurea (increases HgbF)
73
Sporothrix schenkii (sporotrichosis- rose handler's disease)
oral KI
74
Stable Angina
Sublingual Nitroglycerin
75
Staph Aureus
MSSA: Nafcillin, Oxacillin,Dicloxacillin (anti-staph PCNs)
MRSA: Vancomycin
76
Strep Bovis
PCN ppx - evaluate for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
77
Strep Pneumo
PCN/Cephalosporin (systemic inxn, pneumonia), Vancomycin (meningitis)
78
Strep Pyogenes
Penicillin ppx
79
Strep Agalactitiae
screen week 35-37, intrapartum PCN/ampicillin for ppx
80
Temporal arteritis
high dose steroids
81
Tonic Clonic Sz
Carbamazepine, VPA, phenytoin
82
Toxoplasma Gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
83
Treponema Pallidum
PCN. Allergic? desensitize, then PCN
84
Trichomonas*
PO Metronidazole (pt and partner)
85
Ulcerative Colitis
5-ASA, infliximab (anti TNF)
86
UTI
TMP-SMX ppx
87
Warfarin OD
FFP (acute), Vit K (chronic)
88
Wegener's
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
89
Narcolepsy
- 1st choice: Modafinil (non-amphetamine stimulant)
- 2nd choice: Amphetamine, bc of their sympathomimetic side effects (HTN, arrhythmia, psychosis)
- Night time Rx: Sodium Oxybate (GHB)
90
ALS (Lou Gehrigs)
Riluzole = decr presynaptic glutamate release
91
Hairy cell Leukemia
Cladribine (Adenosine analog, resistance to Adenosine Deaminase)
92
Lyme
Ceftriaxone
| Doxycylcine
93
RSV in neonate
Ribavirin
94
Osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates; calcium and vit D supplementation
95
Arsenic poisoning
Dimercaprol
96
Vancomycin Resistant Eneteroccocci
Linezolid and Streptogramins (quinupristin/dalfopristin)
97
Ppx of strep pharyngitis in child w prior Rheumatic Fever
Oral PCN
98
Ppx of postsurgical infxn due to S. aureus
Cefazolin
99
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Rasburicase (convert uric acid to Allantoin, the drug is a recombinant version of Urate Oxidase)
- Allopurinol
100
Giardiasis
Metronidazole
101
Diptheria
Anti-toxin (passive immunity), PCN or erythromycin, Vaccine (for future prevention)
102
Premature ejaculation
SSRIs (e.g. Paroxetine)
103
Dimorphic fungi
- Local infxn: Fluconazole, Itraconazole
| - Systemic: Amphotericin B
104
Paramyxoviruses
Pavlilizumab = anti-F-protein (prevents F-protein of Paramyxoviruses that cause respiratory eptihelial cells to fuse and form multinucleated cells)
105
Listeria monocytogenes
Ampicillin
