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UWorld Flashcards

1
Q

TH2 cells make something that –> Be cells –> make IgE. What?

A

IL-4

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2
Q

Standard deviations

A

within 1 SD- 68%
Within 2 SD- 95%
Within 3 SD- 99.7%

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3
Q

Pyruvate kinase deficiency

A

–> insufficient ATP for RBC and hemolysis

Splenic red pulp - removes damaged RBCs–> splenomegaly

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4
Q

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell pts usually due to

A

Parvovirus B19–> erythroid precursors in bone marrow

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5
Q

Parvovirus structure

A

nonenveloped SS DNA virus

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6
Q

Guy has TB. What cell surface marker on granuloma?

A

Cd 14 is the monocyte macrophage lineage

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7
Q

Adrenal medulla

A

chromaffin cells
stimulated by Ach
secrete catecholamines

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8
Q

anti-Rh is what Ig class?

A

IgG

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9
Q

Thiamine

A

= vitamin B1
Wernicke Korsakoff- confusion, ataxia, memory

Beribery- peripheral neuropathy

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10
Q

what binds to stop codons?

A

relseasing factor proteins

UAA, UGA, UAG

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11
Q

Retinal artery occlusion. Path of the clot?

A

internal carotid –> opthalmic–> retinal artery

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12
Q

diptheria symptoms and MOA of rx

A

sore throat, fever, cervical adenopathy, coalescing PSEUDOMEMBRANE
–> myocarditis/ heart failure

antibodies bind and prevent exotoxin from attaching to host cell membranes

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13
Q

Neural crest derivatives

A

MOTEL PASS

melanocytes
odontoblasts
tracheal cartilage
enterochromaffin cells
laryngeal cartilage
parafollicular cells of the thyroid
adrenal medulla and ganglia
schwann cells
spiral membrane
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14
Q

personality- what part of brain?

A

frontal lobe.

left side issue–> apathy and depression
right side issue–> disinhibited behavior

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15
Q

ionizing radiation rx cancer how?

A

DNA double strand breaks and free radical formation

UV light is non ionizing and –> pyrimidine dimers

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16
Q

hypothermia and the O2 dissociation curve

A

left shift; stabilizes bonds

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17
Q

O2 dissociation curve- what causes left shift?

A

decreased H+ (increased pH)
decreased 2,3 BPG
decreased temperature

18
Q

adenosine and the heart

A

increases K+ conductance, decreases sinus rate, increases AV nodal delay

19
Q

Cell junction proteins

A 
gap- connexin
tight- claudins, occludin
adherens- cadherens
desmosomes- cadherens (desmogleins, desmoplakin)
hemidesmosomes- integrins
20
Q

PKU–>

A

brain damage
hypopigmentation
musty/ mousy odor

21
Q

Most important host defense against influenza?

A

humoral vs. hemagglutinin

22
Q

Type I collagen where?

A 
dermis
bone
tendons
ligaments
dentin
cornea
blood vessels
scar tissue*
23
Q

Di George what embryonic structure?

A

3rd and 4th pharyngeal puch

24
Q

TB Rx and MOA

A

RIPE

Rifampin- RNA
Isoniazid- Mycolic Acid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol- arabinosyl transferase

25
Q

incidenc =

A

number of new cases

26
Q

maternal serum alfa-fetoprotein

A

up: open neural tube deficits, ventral wall defect, multiple gestation
down: aneuploidies

27
Q

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma– the Ds

A 
Dives (invades)
Dense
Dimpling
Desmoplastic
Dime-a-Dozen (most common)
Dudes (most common in men)
28
Q

Most common pathologic cause of unilateral fetal hydronephrosis

A

kinking at ureteropelvic junction

29
Q

gas gangrene

A

c perfringens

lecithinase–> splitting of phospholipid molecules

30
Q

Type I hpersensitivity

A

IgE crosslinks–> degranulation and release of chemical mediators

31
Q

Race and Bone Mass

A

African americans denser bone mass, fewer fractures

32
Q

fructokinase deficiency can be made up with

A

hexokinase

33
Q

t(15,17) goes with

A

PML/ RARA (retinoic acid receptor)

34
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

HLAd B27

35
Q

Ribosomal proteins synthesized where?

A

nucleolus

36
Q

Reactive Arthritis

A

can’t see, can’t pee, can’t climb a tree (incl. Sacroiliitis)
HLA B-27
follows genitourinary or enteric infection

37
Q

Prevention of IV catheter infection?

A

alcohol hand scrub

38
Q

insomnia: stimulus control

A

fixed wake tie
only bed when sleepy
no other stuff in bed
leave when unable to sleep

39
Q

Holiday heart

A

a fib from alcohol

absent p waves

40
Q

DKA and potassium

A

decreased intracellular
increased or normal extracellular

total body deficit. Careful when giving insulin.

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