UWorld

Question 1

TH2 cells make something that –> Be cells –> make IgE. What?

Answer 1

IL-4

Question 2

Standard deviations

Answer 2

within 1 SD- 68%
Within 2 SD- 95%
Within 3 SD- 99.7%

Question 3

Pyruvate kinase deficiency

Answer 3

–> insufficient ATP for RBC and hemolysis

Splenic red pulp - removes damaged RBCs–> splenomegaly

Question 4

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell pts usually due to

Answer 4

Parvovirus B19–> erythroid precursors in bone marrow

Question 5

Parvovirus structure

Answer 5

nonenveloped SS DNA virus

Question 6

Guy has TB. What cell surface marker on granuloma?

Answer 6

Cd 14 is the monocyte macrophage lineage

Question 7

Adrenal medulla

Answer 7

chromaffin cells
stimulated by Ach
secrete catecholamines

Question 8

anti-Rh is what Ig class?

Answer 8

IgG

Question 9

Thiamine

Answer 9

= vitamin B1
Wernicke Korsakoff- confusion, ataxia, memory

Beribery- peripheral neuropathy

Question 10

what binds to stop codons?

Answer 10

relseasing factor proteins

UAA, UGA, UAG

Question 11

Retinal artery occlusion. Path of the clot?

Answer 11

internal carotid –> opthalmic–> retinal artery

Question 12

diptheria symptoms and MOA of rx

Answer 12

sore throat, fever, cervical adenopathy, coalescing PSEUDOMEMBRANE
–> myocarditis/ heart failure

antibodies bind and prevent exotoxin from attaching to host cell membranes

Question 13

Neural crest derivatives

Answer 13

MOTEL PASS

melanocytes
odontoblasts
tracheal cartilage
enterochromaffin cells
laryngeal cartilage
parafollicular cells of the thyroid
adrenal medulla and ganglia
schwann cells
spiral membrane

Question 14

personality- what part of brain?

Answer 14

frontal lobe.

left side issue–> apathy and depression
right side issue–> disinhibited behavior

Question 15

ionizing radiation rx cancer how?

Answer 15

DNA double strand breaks and free radical formation

UV light is non ionizing and –> pyrimidine dimers

Question 16

hypothermia and the O2 dissociation curve

Answer 16

left shift; stabilizes bonds

Question 17

O2 dissociation curve- what causes left shift?

Answer 17

decreased H+ (increased pH)
decreased 2,3 BPG
decreased temperature

Question 18

adenosine and the heart

Answer 18

increases K+ conductance, decreases sinus rate, increases AV nodal delay

Question 19

Cell junction proteins

Answer 19

gap- connexin
tight- claudins, occludin
adherens- cadherens
desmosomes- cadherens (desmogleins, desmoplakin)
hemidesmosomes- integrins

Question 20

PKU–>

Answer 20

brain damage
hypopigmentation
musty/ mousy odor

Question 21

Most important host defense against influenza?

Answer 21

humoral vs. hemagglutinin

Question 22

Type I collagen where?

Answer 22

dermis
bone
tendons
ligaments
dentin
cornea
blood vessels
scar tissue*

Question 23

Di George what embryonic structure?

Answer 23

3rd and 4th pharyngeal puch

Question 24

TB Rx and MOA

Answer 24

RIPE

Rifampin- RNA
Isoniazid- Mycolic Acid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol- arabinosyl transferase

Question 25

incidenc =

Answer 25

number of new cases

Question 26

maternal serum alfa-fetoprotein

Answer 26

up: open neural tube deficits, ventral wall defect, multiple gestation down: aneuploidies

Question 27

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma-- the Ds

Answer 27

``` Dives (invades) Dense Dimpling Desmoplastic Dime-a-Dozen (most common) Dudes (most common in men) ```

Question 28

Most common pathologic cause of unilateral fetal hydronephrosis

Answer 28

kinking at ureteropelvic junction

Question 29

gas gangrene

Answer 29

c perfringens | lecithinase--> splitting of phospholipid molecules

Question 30

Type I hpersensitivity

Answer 30

IgE crosslinks--> degranulation and release of chemical mediators

Question 31

Race and Bone Mass

Answer 31

African americans denser bone mass, fewer fractures

Question 32

fructokinase deficiency can be made up with

Answer 32

hexokinase

Question 33

t(15,17) goes with

Answer 33

PML/ RARA (retinoic acid receptor)

Question 34

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 34

HLAd B27

Question 35

Ribosomal proteins synthesized where?

Answer 35

nucleolus

Question 36

Reactive Arthritis

Answer 36

can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree (incl. Sacroiliitis) HLA B-27 follows genitourinary or enteric infection

Question 37

Prevention of IV catheter infection?

Answer 37

alcohol hand scrub

Question 38

insomnia: stimulus control

Answer 38

fixed wake tie only bed when sleepy no other stuff in bed leave when unable to sleep

Question 39

Holiday heart

Answer 39

a fib from alcohol | absent p waves

Question 40

DKA and potassium

Answer 40

decreased intracellular increased or normal extracellular total body deficit. Careful when giving insulin.