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uworld12 Flashcards

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1
Q

target cells, think

A

beta thalassemia

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2
Q

therapy for beta thalassemia minor

A

none

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3
Q

milk protein allergy in babies associated with what

A

bloody stools, eczema, poor weight gain

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4
Q

GERD physilogic in baby sxs and tx

A

sxs: asx, happy spitter, normal growth
tx: reassurance, hold baby upright for 20-30 min

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5
Q

GERD pathologic in baby sxs and tx

A

sxs: FTT, irritable
tx: antacid, thicken food

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6
Q

2nd step after pulm nodule found and you compared it to prior CXR

A

CT chest

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7
Q

what % body surface is SJS vs TEN

A

SJS: <10%

TEN: >30%

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8
Q

recurrent bacteria infections in adult

A

CVID- apparently most diagnosed as an adult

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9
Q

hypopigmented macules after being in the sun

A

tinea/pityriasis versicolor- malassezia fungus

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10
Q

dx and tx of tinea versicolor

A

KOH prep- budding yeast

tx: selenium sulfide or ketoconazole

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11
Q

management of norma low back pain

A

maintain activity, exercise therapy
NSAIDs, tylenol

if chronic: consider TCAs, duloxetine

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12
Q

when should tympanostomy tubes be considered in kid with AOM

A

> 3 episodes in 6 mo or >4 in 12 mo

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13
Q

electrical alternans, think

A

pericardial effusion

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14
Q

multiple lung cavities with tracheal narrowing and ulceration, hemoptysis, renal dz

A

Wegeners GPA

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15
Q

what’s most effective for MDD- SSRI, therapy, or combo

A

combo

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16
Q

catatonia treatment

A

benzos, ECT

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17
Q

what’s more common of neurocognitive dementia as opposed to normal aging?

A

getting lost

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18
Q

first line for specific phobia

A

CBT with exposure

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19
Q

2nd gen antipsychotic MOA

A

serotonin 2A and dopamine D2 antagonist

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20
Q

ramelteon helps with what type of insomnia

A

sleep-onset insomnia

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21
Q

for parkinson’s, motor sxs must precede cogntivie sxs for how long (otherwise considered lewy body dementia)

A

1 year

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22
Q

drug to help PCP intoxication agitation

A

benzo- lorazepam

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23
Q

treatment of choice for adjustment disorder

A

pschyotherapy

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24
Q

what is this: patient with hx of abuse has gaps in memory and behavior of different personality states

A

dissociative identity disorder

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25
depersonalization/derealization disorder
detached from body, being an observer to self experiencing surroundings as unreal
26
dissociative amnesia
cant recall info from stressful event not explained by another disorder (PTSD, substance)
27
differentiating nightmare disorder vs sleep terrors
nightmares: REM, recall dream, recurrent awakenings sleep terrors: non-REM, dont recall, autonomic arousal
28
treatment for acute dystonia
benztropin, diphenhydramine
29
treatment for akesthesia
beta blocker benzo benztropine
30
treatment for tardive dyskinesia
valbenazine
31
do you need anticoagulation from stroke d/t infective endocarditis vegetation
no
32
adnexal mass found in post menopausal woman, next steps?
pelvic US and CA-125 (specific as you age) dont do needle aspiration, can spread cancer!
33
breast erythema, warmth, pain, dimpling
inflammatory breast carcinoma
34
next step if pregnant person found to have HSIL on pap
colpo
35
how are TRH and prolactin related
TRH stimulates prolactin
36
how does chemo cause amenorrhea
primary ovarian insufficiency
37
differentiating lyme arthritis from gonorrhea arthritis
gonorrhea: joint fluid purulent, with tenosynovitis and skin lesions lyme: joint fluid yellow, arthritis for months
38
what does gram stain show in lyme arthritis?
nothing
39
traction apophysitis refers to
osgood schaltters
40
what type of study is it when you compare disease prevalence to having risk factor or not
cross sectional
41
finding ligament of treitz on the right side of abdomen indicates what
malrotation
42
corkscrew pattern on upper GI series indicates
volvolus
43
imaging of choice to look at malrotation/volvolus
upper GI series
44
immediate management of bilious vomiting
stop feeds, NG tube decompression, IVF then abdominal x-ray
45
treatment for minimal change dz
steroids
46
is there leukocytosis or elevated inflammatory markers in avascular necrosis?
no
47
why thyroid cancer invades tumor capsule and blood vessels
follicular
48
post-liver transplant, someone gets cough, fever, diffuse interstitial infiltrates
PJP
49
diagnosis of PJP
bronchoalveolar lavage
50
which has high and which low retic count? iron def anemia vs thalassemia
high: thalassemia low: iron def
51
pigmented palmar crease, think...
primary adrenal insuffiency
52
management of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism
parathyroidectomy
53
neonates with RSV can get what complications
apnea resp failure recurrent wheezing
54
dull tympanic membrane that is hypomobile in someone who has HIV
serous otitis media- middle ear effusion- from LAD or obstructing lymphoma
55
how do kidneys respond to heart faiure
activate R-A-A --> vasoconstrict afferent and efferent arterioles --> decrease renal blood flow but constricitng efferent maintains GFR
56
someone gets liver transplant and has large leukocytosis and hemodynamic instability and fever, RUQ pain. what is it
bacteria infection (rejection doesnt have large leuk or instability)
57
infectious causes post-transplant at <1 mo, months 1-6, and >6
<1: operative/hospital complications- abscess, wound leak 1-6: opportunistic: CMV< aspergillus, TB >6: typical community acquired pathogens
58
is RV up or down in restrictive lung dz
down
59
is DLCO up or down in restrictive?
down
60
is arterial-alveolar gradient up or down in restrictive?
up
61
progressive ataxia and loss of position and vibratory sense
friedrich ataxia

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