uworld4

Question 1

which eye dz makes straight lines appear wavy?

Answer 1

macular degeneration

Question 2

hyposthenuria

Answer 2

inability for kidneys to concentrate urine

seen in sickle cell

Question 3

mother gets Hep B during pregnancy. what do you give newborn?

Answer 3

vaccine and HBIG within 12 hours

Question 4

patient with AMS, hypothermia, bradyapnea hypoxia most likely has

Answer 4

opioid intoxication

Question 5

can you have opioid tox if your pupils are enlarged?

Answer 5

yes, co-ingestion with meth

Question 6

hydroxychloroquine side effect

Answer 6

retinopathy

Question 7

serious complication of EBV

Answer 7

tonsil enlargement –> actue airway obstruction

Question 8

dx for avascular necrosis of hip

Answer 8

MRI

Question 9

facticious disorder vs malingering

Answer 9

factitious: primary gain of sick role
malingering: secondary gain- external benefits

Question 10

somatic symptom vs illness anxiety vs conversion disorder

Answer 10

somatic: has physical sxs and anxiety

illness anxiety: no sxs, just anxiety

conversion: neurological sxs

Question 11

dx of peritonsillar vs retropharyngeal abscess

Answer 11

pertonsillar: clx
retro: CT

Question 12

west syndrome

Answer 12

<1 yo
infantile spasms
treat with ACTH, cosyntropin
hypsrarrythmia on EEG

Question 13

intussception tx- at dif stages

Answer 13

preferred: air enema

if ischemic bowel: laparoscopy

Question 14

which cyanotic congential dz has no heart murmurs

Answer 14

transposition of great vessels

Question 15

how does squatting in tet spells help reduce cyanosis?

Answer 15

increase systemic vascular resistance- make more blood flow down pulm artery instead of through VSD

Question 16

VSD sound on ausculation

Answer 16

holosystolic murmur

Question 17

if you find a click in hip exam in newborn

Answer 17

f/u with US in 4 weeks (some self-resolve)

if bad then –> palvnik harness

Question 18

retinoblastoma risk of developing what

Answer 18

osteosarcoma

Question 19

treatment of strabismus in congenital vs acquired

Answer 19

congenital: surgery
acquired: eye patch, glasses to correct lazy eye

Question 20

teen who drank etoh and then has lower abdominal pain, think…and how to evaluate

Answer 20

UPJ obstruction- check with renal US

Question 21

hypospadias tx

Answer 21

non-emergent surgery using foreskin (delay that circumcision)

Question 22

most common renal cancer among kids

Answer 22

wilms tumor

Question 23

When to use CT for renal peds issues

Answer 23

trauma- contrast

stones- non contrast

Question 24

posterior urethral valve clues

Answer 24

oligohydramnios
distended bladder- cant get out
no urinary ouput

do US and catheter and then surgery

Question 25

treatment for acute chest syn or stroke in sickle cell

Answer 25

exchange transfusion

Question 26

netropenia and albinism

Answer 26

chediak higashi

Question 27

nitro blue tests for

Answer 27

oxidative burst in phagocytes if none--> chronic granulomatous dz

Question 28

many WBCS but still infections, delayed umbilical cord separation

Answer 28

leukocyte adhesion def

Question 29

Wiskott aldrich mneumonic

Answer 29

``` wiskott aldrich thrombocytopenia eczema recurrent staph inf ```

Question 30

nl pupil mm

Answer 30

2-4

Question 31

which microbe dz: eosinophilia, GI, periorbital edema, myositis

Answer 31

trichinella

Question 32

meds for tourettes

Answer 32

antipsychotics for severe alpha 2 agonists for mild

Question 33

agranulocytosis

Answer 33

complete absence of neutrophils

Question 34

bHcg and AFP in seminomas vs non-sem

Answer 34

sem: elevated bHCG non-sem: elevated both bHCG and AFP

Question 35

REM sleep behavior disorder

Answer 35

seen in older men- possible neurodegeneration dream enactment (bad dream + motor)

Question 36

parvovirus B19 in adults

Answer 36

viral arthritis- resembles RA but low ESR, less morning stiffness self limiting- 1-2 months

Question 37

when should baby respond to name

Answer 37

6 mo

Question 38

hazard ratio

Answer 38

the chance an event occurs in treatment group compared to control group >1: more likely in treatment group <1: more likely in control group

Question 39

what is this: megaloblastic anemia, atrophic glossitis (shiny tongue), hx of automimmune disorders

Answer 39

pernicious anemia

Question 40

what tests to do when you suspect adrenal insuff

Answer 40

8 am serum cortisol plasma ACTH ACTH stim test

Question 41

ACTH stim test

Answer 41

infuse ACTH normally--> rapid increase in cortisol but in primary adrenal insuff--> no sig rise