Variables And Hypothesis

Question 1

What is the independent variable?

Answer 1

What the researcher manipulates/changes

Question 2

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 2

What the researcher measures

Question 3

What does operationalisation mean?

Answer 3

The process of making variables measurable

Question 4

What are extraneous variables?

Answer 4

Variables that are not being investigated that can potentially affect the results (pre-empted by researcher)

Question 5

What are confounding variables?

Answer 5

Unmeasured third variable that can influence the independent and dependent variables (not pre-empted by researcher)

Question 6

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 6

A testable statement that can be proven or disproven

Question 7

What is a directional hypothesis? (One tailed)

Answer 7

Testable statement based on previous research which predicts the direction of results

Question 8

What is a non-directional hypothesis? (Two tailed)

Answer 8

Testable statement without previous research which predicts findings but not which way

Question 9

What is a null hypothesis?

Answer 9

A statement suggesting no difference, effect or relationship will occur, any difference is due to chance

Question 10

What is an experimental hypothesis?

Answer 10

A specific, testable statement about the relationship between variables in an experiment