Vascular Lesions

Question 1

Congenital vascular lesions

Answer 1

Lymphangioma and hemangioma

Question 2

Neoplasm vascular lesion

Answer 2

Angiosarcoma and kaposi sarcoma

Question 3

Benign vascular lesion composed of a localized collection of dilated lymphatic channels

Answer 3

Lymphangioma

Question 4

Presents as painless, nodular, vesicle like swellings when superficial or as submucosal masses when located deeper

Diagnosed within the first two decades of life

Answer 4

Lymphangioma

Question 5

Location of intraoral lymphangioma

And extraoral lymphangioma

Answer 5

Tongue most common
Palate, buccal mucosa gingiva and lips

Skin and subcutaneous tissues

Question 6

Lymphangioma of the lip may cause a ____

Answer 6

Macrocheilia (permanent swelling of the lip)

Question 7

A diffuse soft tissue swelling that may be life threatening because it involves vital structures of the neck

Answer 7

Lymphangioma of the neck

Aka

Cystic hygroma, hygroma colli or cavernoius lymphangioma

Question 8

Histopathological feature

Variably sized, irregular, this walled fluid - filled spaces are lined by lymphatic epithelium ad surrounded by a stroma of fibrous, smooth muscle and adipose tissue along with lymphocytes

Answer 8

Lymphangioma

Question 9

Histopathological feature of lymphagioma

Answer 9

Variably sized, irregular, this walled fluid - filled spaces are lined by lymphatic epithelium ad surrounded by a stroma of fibrous, smooth muscle and adipose tissue along with lymphocytes

Question 10

IHC profile of lymphangioma

Answer 10

D2-40 (podoplanin, transmembrane mucoprotein)

CD31, SMA on walls of lymphatic vessels

Question 11

Treatment for lymphangiooma

Answer 11

Surgical excision

Recurrence are common die to its non-encapsulated nature

Pwede pd sclerotherapy

Question 12

Etiology of kaposi sarcoma

Answer 12

Human herpersivrus 8

Question 13

The lesion consists of an unencapsulated proliferation of anaplastic endothelial cells enclosing irregular luminal spaces

Answer 13

Angiosarcoma

Question 14

Benign vasular lesion/ tumor

Abnormal endothelial cell proliferation

Answer 14

Hemangioma

Question 15

Subtype of hemangioma:

Proliferation of capillaries with plump endothelial cells in a fibromyxoid stroma, arranged in lobules

Answer 15

Lobullar capillary hemangioma

Question 16

Subtype of hemangioma

Multiple, large cystic, thin-walled, blood filled spaces lined by endothelial cells and separated by scant connective tissue stroma

Answer 16

Cavernous hemangioma

Question 17

Essential diagnostic criteria

Polypoid, lobular circumscribed nastomosing network of capillaries

Plump endothelial cells

Fibroymxoid stroma arranged in one or more lobules

Answer 17

Hemangioma

Question 18

Treatment for hemangioma

Answer 18

Excision

45% recurrence, more common in children if not completely eradicated

M,ay regress spontaneously

Question 19

Two vascular malformationt that was introduced in the topi

Answer 19

Struge weber syndrome (encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis)

And

Rendu-osler weber syndrome (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia)

Question 20

Malignant neoplasm that represents the morphological and iHC features of endothelial cells and unknown origin

Answer 20

Angiosarcoma

Question 21

Usual location or amgiosarcomas

Answer 21

Scalp

Occasionally in maxillary sinus and oral cavity

Question 22

Unencapsulated prliferation of anaplastic endothelial cells enclosing irregular luminal spaces

Has an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis

Answer 22

Angiosarcoma

Question 23

Non specific, general signs and symptoms of enlarging tumor

Invasion of vital structures and bone erosion

5th decade = male

39mm

Answer 23

Angiosarcoma

Question 24

Less than 15mm in size __

More than 39mm in size

Answer 24

<15 mm hemagioma

39mm > angiosarcoma

Question 25

Histologic features Anastomosing vascular space line by atypical endothelial cells; infiltrative growth; endothelial multilayering; marked nuclear atypia; brisk mitotic activity

Answer 25

Angiosarcoma

Question 26

IHC for angiosarcoma

Answer 26

ERG transcription factor - most commonly used CD34, CD31

Question 27

40% reoccur 60% overall srvival rate Metastasis spread most commonly to the lungs, liver, spleen and bone

Answer 27

Angiosarcoma

Question 28

Also of endothelial origin but known to be caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8)

Answer 28

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 29

Locally agressive vascular endothelial proliferation assciated with HHV-8 Immunocompromised, AIDS related

Answer 29

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 30

Multiple reddish to purple macules that progress into plaques or nodules, which may ulcerate

Answer 30

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 31

Etiologic agent for kaposi sarcome

Answer 31

Herpesvirus Aids

Question 32

Kaposi sarcoma that is predominntly in older men living in the mediterranean basin

Answer 32

Classic type kaposi sarcoma

Question 33

Kaposi sarcoma that apears multifocal reddish brown nodules primarily in the skin of the lower extremities , organ may also be affected Indolent course and only a fair prognosis

Answer 33

Classic type kaposi sarcoma

Question 34

Was identified in africa, where it is considered endemic Seen in extremities of blacks Most commonly affected organ is the skin

Answer 34

Endemic type of kaposi sarcoma

Question 35

Kaposi sarcoma seen in patients with immunodeficiency status, includes with organ transplants and commonly associated with AIDS

Answer 35

Immunodeficiency type of kaposi sarcoma

Question 36

Hypercellular foci containing bland-appearing spindle cells, ill-defined vascular channels and extravasated RBC

Answer 36

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 37

IHC for kaposi sarcoma

Answer 37

CD31, CD34 and factor VIII-related antigen will identify endothelial cell derived tumors

Question 38

DD of kaposi

Answer 38

Hemangioma Erythroplakia Melanoma Pyogenic granuloma

Question 39

Treatment of kaposi

Answer 39

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

Question 40

Small, slit like vascular spaces with extravasated RBC Mildly atypical cell with surrounding bland spindle cells Lymphocytic infiltrate is present Unencapsulated infiltrating fascicles of spondle cells with atypia and mitoses

Answer 40

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 41

Extraoral; unilateral epixstasis Oral: solitary, red hemorrhagic papule

Answer 41

Hemangioma