Vasculature

Question 1

What does the arch of the aorta split in to?

Answer 1

• brachiocephalic trunk
• left common carotid artery
• left subclavian artery

Question 2

What does the brachiocephalic trunk split in to?

Answer 2

• right common carotid artery
• right subclavian artery

Question 3

What muscle lays over the right subclavian artery?

Answer 3

Scalenus anterior

Question 4

What are the 3 branches of the subclavian artery?

Answer 4

1. vertebral artery
2. thyrocervical trunk
3. internal thoracic artery

Question 5

What branches off the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 5

inferior thyroid artery

Question 6

What branch of the subclavian artery descends?

Answer 6

internal thoracic artery

Question 7

What supplies the superior part of the thyroid gland?

Answer 7

Super thyroid artery

Question 8

What supplies the inferior part of the thyroid gland?

Answer 8

Inferior thyroid artery

Question 9

What is the anatomical name of the “Adam’s Apple”?

Answer 9

laryngeal prominence of the thyroid cartilage

Question 10

What differentiates the internal and external carotid artery?

Answer 10

internal inside carotid sheath and external outside

Question 11

What 2 arteries supply the brain?

Answer 11

1. vertebral artery
2. internal carotid artery

Question 12

Where does the vertebral artery enter the brain and what part does it supply?

Answer 12

foramen magnum
posterior part

Question 13

Where does the internal carotid artery enter the brain and what part does it supply?

Answer 13

carotid canal
middle and anterior

Question 14

What is the circle of Willis?

Answer 14

blood supply at the base of the brain - an arterial anastomosis - VA and ICA connect

Question 15

Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

Answer 15

superior border of thyroid cartilage/ hyoid bone

Question 16

What is lies in the bifurcation?

Answer 16

Carotid body

Question 17

What is the function of the carotid body?

Answer 17

peripheral chemoreceptor - monitors chemical composition within arterial blood

Question 18

What cranial nerve supplies the carotid body?

Answer 18

CN IX - glossopharyngeal

Question 19

What are the 8 branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 19

S uperior thyroid
A scending pharyngeal
L ingual
F acial
O cciptial
P osterior auricular
M axillary
S uperficial temporal

Question 20

What do the 8 branches of the external carotid artery supply?

Answer 20

Superior thyroid -thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal - pharynx
Lingual - tongue
Facial - majority of facial soft tissues
Occipital - soft tissues in occipital region of scalp
Posterior auricular - behind ear
Maxillary - infratemporal fossa
Superficial temporal - lateral aspect of scalp

Question 21

What artery supplies the lower dentition?

Answer 21

Inferior alveolar artery

Question 22

What is the IAA a branch of?

Answer 22

Maxillary artery

Question 23

How can bacteria from a dental abscess gain access to the heart?

Answer 23

Inferior alveolar vein

Question 24

What vein drains blood from the temporal region of the brain?

Answer 24

Superficial temporal vein

Question 25

What veins join together to drain deeper structures within the infratemporal fossa?

Answer 25

Superior temporal vein and maxillary vein

Question 26

What do the superior temporal vein and maxillary vein join together to become?

Answer 26

Retromandibular vein

Question 27

How does retromandibular vein branch?

Answer 27

posteriorly and anteriorly

Question 28

What joins together to create the external jugular vein?

Answer 28

posterior div. of retroman vein + posterior auricular vein

Question 29

What does the external jugular vein drain into?

Answer 29

Subclavian vein

Question 30

What joins together to form the common facial vein?

Answer 30

anterior div. of retroman. vein + facial vein

Question 31

What does the common facial vein drain into?

Answer 31

Internal jugular vein

Question 32

What is a network of veins called?

Answer 32

Cavernous sinus

Question 33

How do superficial veins of the face communicate?

Answer 33

Ophthalmic vein

Question 34

What is the danger triangle?

Answer 34

The area of soft tissues that drain blood via facial vein. These can then drain via ophthalmic veins to Dural venous sinuses within cranial cavity>

Question 35

What can happen if danger triangle is cut?

Answer 35

Bacteria enter facial vein which can infect sinuses and lead to cavernous sinus thrombosis

Question 36

What does does the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein drain in to?

Answer 36

brachiocephalic vein

Question 37

What does the right brachiocephalic vein drain in to?

Answer 37

Superior vena cava

Question 38

What transports lymph into venous system through the venous angle?

Answer 38

thoracic duct

Question 39

What is infection of the cardiac valves called?

Answer 39

Endocarditis

Question 40

What is the name of bacteria in the bloodstream?

Answer 40

Bacteraemia

Question 41

What are the clinical signs of a damaged heart valve?

Answer 41

Heart murmur