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GI I > Vasculature organization > Flashcards

Vasculature organization Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

what is enterobrosis

A

perforated bowel

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2
Q

what are the layers of peritoneum and what does it secrete

A

parietal and visceral. secrete serous fluid

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3
Q

what are the peritonealized organs

A

stomach, spleen, parts 1 and 4 of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, transverse and sigmoid colon

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4
Q

what is the definition of a primary retroperitoneal organ

A

posterior to peritoneum no mesentery

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5
Q

what are the primary retroperitoneal organs

A

kidneys ureters and suprarenal glands

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6
Q

what is the definition of a secondary retroperitoneal organ

A

organ was peritonealized and associated with a mesentery.

later the mesentery is pushed against post wall and fuses with parietal pertoneum

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7
Q

what organs are secondary retroperitoneal organs

A

duodenum, ascending and descending colon, pancreas

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8
Q

What is peritonitis

A

inflammation of peritoneum

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9
Q

what are common causes of pertonitis

A

inflammation of organs, surgery, trauma, ascites, ulcers

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10
Q

why is peritonitis very painful and localized

A

richly innervated by same somatic nerves which innervate the body wall

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11
Q

what is the innervation to the visceral peritoneum and what does it sense

A

autonomic–>chemical irritation rather than pain

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12
Q

what is a peritoneal adhesion

A

fusion of various parts of the peritoneal membranes

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13
Q

what causes peritoneal adhesions

A

inflammation of organs, surgery, trauma, ulcers

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14
Q

why is the pertoneum a good area for blood dialysis

A

because of blood and lymphatic supply

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15
Q

what is the general structure of the mesentery

A

double layer of peritoneum

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16
Q

what structures are included in dorsal mesentery

A

mesoesophagus, greater omemtum, splenorenal ligament, phrenicocolic ligament, mesentery proper, mesoappendix, transverse mesocolon, sigmoid mesocolon

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17
Q

what structure does the mesoesophagus cover

A

the final inch of esophagus

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18
Q

where does the greater momentum attach to

A

greater curvature of stomach

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19
Q

what are the ligaments associated with greater omentum

A

gastrocolic, gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic

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20
Q

where does the gastrophrenic lig attach to

A

fundus of stomach to diaphragm

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21
Q

where does the gastroclic lig attach to

A

stomach to transverse colon

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22
Q

where is the splenorenal ligament

A

from spleen to posterior body wall near kidney

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23
Q

where does the phrenicocolic ligament attach to

A

diaphragm to left colic fissure

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24
Q

where is the mesentery proper

A

small intestine

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25
where is the mesoappendix
to appendix
26
where is the transverse mesocolon
to transverse colon
27
where is the sigmoid mesocolon
sigmoid colon
28
What structures lay under ventral mesentery
lesser omentum falciform ligament coronary ligament triangular ligament
29
where does the lesser omemtum attach
lesser curvature of stomach/duodenum to liver
30
what ligaments are associated with lesser omentum
hepatogastric lig | hepatoduodenal lig
31
where is the falciform ligament
peritoneal attachment of liver to anterior body wall | contains ligamentum teres hepatis
32
whre are the coronary ligaments
pertoneal attachment of liver to inferior surface of diaphragm
33
where are the triangular ligaments
where anterior and posterior coronary ligaments meet
34
where is the pertonea cavity
space between visceral and parietal peritoneal layers
35
where is the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity
omental bursa that lays posteiror to sotmach and lesser omentum
36
describe the recesses assoc with lesser sac
superior recess- bounded superiorly by diaphragm | inferior recess- between 2 layers of greater omentum
37
what are the various parts of the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity
supracolic compartment, infracolic compartment, and paracolic gutters
38
where is the supracolic compartment of the abdomen
superior to transverse mesocolon
39
what organs are found in the supracolic compartment
stomach, liver, spleen, gall bladder
40
where is the infracolic comparment of the pertoneal cavity
inferior to transverse mesocolon
41
what organs are withint the infracolic compartment
small intestine, ascending colon and descending colon
42
what separates the infracolic compartment into left and right
the mesentery proper
43
where are left and right paracolic gutters of the abdomen
between posterolateral body wall and ascending/descending colon
44
where is the epiploic foramen of Winslow
communcation between greater and lesser sacs
45
what are the boundaries of epiploic foramen
anterior- hepatoduodenal lig post- IVC superior- liver inferior- first part of duodenum
46
what is ascites
excess fluid in peritoneal cavity
47
what happens if ascites fluid becomes purulent
could lead to abcesses
48
what can cause ascites
cirrhosis with portal hypertension, kidney failure, CHF, ruptured ulcer, abdominal cancers, internal bleeding
49
can fluid in the right or left infracolic compartment spread into pelvic peritoneal cavity
the left infra colic fluid can move into pelvic peritoneal cavity the right comparment is preventes because ot the mesentery proper joining to cecum and ascending colon so must go left first
50
where do the paracolic gutters drain
the right opens to the hepatorenal and subphrenic recesses superiorly-->can cause abscesses here the left is closes superiorly by phrenicocolic log both these gutters will drain to pelvic pertoneal cavity
51
where does fluid in the supracolic compartment and hepatorenal recess go
through epiploic foramen to lesser sac
52
what are the 3 unparited anterior branches of abdominal aorta
celica a superior mesenteric a inferior mesenteric a
53
What level is the celiac trunk
T12
54
what does the celiac trunk supply
distal esophagus and second portion of duodenum
55
where does the celiac trunk anastomose with
SMA around duodenum and pancreas
56
what are the branches of the celiac trunk a
lesft gastric common hepatic splenic
57
what are the branches of left gastric a
esophageal a | accessory left hepatic a
58
what are the branches of the common hepatic a
gastroduodenal and proper and hepatic
59
what are the branches of gastroduodenal a
supraduodenal, retroduodenal, posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal a anterior superio pancreaticoduodenal a right gastrioepiploic
60
what are the branches of proper hepatic a
right gastric a left hepatic a right hepatic a cystic a
61
what are the branches of splenic a
pancreatic branches, short gastric aa, left gastroepiploic a, splenic branches
62
what are the pancreatic branches of the splenic a
dorsal pancreatic, pancreatica magna caudal pancreatic aa
63
where does the superior mesenteric A supply
3rd part of duodenum to distal 2/3 of transverse colon
64
what level does the superior mesenteric a branch off aorta at
LV1
65
what does the superior mesenteric a anastomose with
inferior mesenteric a around distal 2/3 transverse colon
66
what are the branches of the superior mesenteric a
``` inferior pancreaticoduodenal middle colic jejunal a ileal branches right colic a ileocolic ```
67
what are the branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a
anterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal | posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal
68
what are the branches of the ileocolic
``` anteiror cecal a posterior cecal a appendicular a ileal a ascending colic a ```
69
what level does the inferior mesenteric a branch off aorta at
LV3
70
where does the inferior mesenteric artery supply
distal 1.3 of transverse colon to anorectal junction
71
what does the inferior mesenteric a anastomose with
middle and inferior rectal aa at the anorectal junction
72
what are the branches off the inferior mesenteric a
left colic sigmoidal branches superior rectal a
73
where do the veins of abdominal viscera drain
vena comitantes into hepatic portal vein
74
what is a portal vein
vein begins and ends in capillary bed
75
where is the first capillary bed in the heaptic portal vein system
in the wall of the abdominal GI tract( distal esophagus to rectum)
76
where is the second capillary bed in the abdomen
in the liver
77
where does the hepatic portal vein receive all its nutrients
from food digestion, secretions from accessory organs of digestion and products of RBC breakdown from spleen
78
what veins form portal vein
inferior mesenteric joins with splenic vein-->splenic merges with superior mesenteric vein around LV2
79
where does the portal vein travel in
portal triad within hepatoduodenal ligament to liver
80
What is unique to the portal venous system
no valves
81
why is the no valve portal system important
if the portal vein gets blocked, blood can reverse flow into the IVC to enter heart
82
Describe esophageal varices
dilated veins from esophageal veins (tributary to SVC) and left gastric vein (tributary to portal system)
83
describe caput medusa
``` dilated veins of superior and inferior epigastric veins (tibrutaries of IVC and SVC) paraumbilical veins (tributary to portal system) ```
84
describe hemorrhoids
dilate veins of middle and inferior rectal veins (tribuatires of IVC) dilated superior rectal veins (tributary to portal system)
85
describe the dilate veins in the retropreitoneal region
gonadal and renal veins (tirbutary to IVC) | ileocolic, right, middle, left colic veins (tributary to portal system)

GI I (14 decks)

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