VBS 4 Pharm

Question 1

Radioactive Iodine (I-131) MOA

Answer 1

• I-131 IV admin
• emitted radiation destroys surrounding functioning follicular cells
• minimal damage to bordering structures

Question 2

Atenolol Classification

Answer 2

• B1-adrenergic antagonist (Beta blocker)
• Class II antiarrythmic
• negative ionotroph
• negative chronotroph

Question 3

Atenolol MOA

Answer 3

• binds to B1 receptors in the heart

Question 4

Methimazole MOA

Answer 4

• anti-thyroid: inhibits thyroid peroxidase
• dose-dependent

Question 5

Propofol MOA

Answer 5

• decreases the rate of GABA dissociation from receptors
• enhances opening of Cl channels
• resulting in hyperpolarization of postsynaptic cell membranes and inhibition of postsynaptic neurons

Question 6

Alfaxalone MOA

Answer 6

• binds to GABA cell surface receptors
• enhances opening of Cl channels
• resulting in hyperpolarization of postsynaptic cell membranes and inhibition of postsynaptic neurons

Question 7

Enrofloxacin Classification

Answer 7

• fluoroquinolone antibiotic
• bacteriCIDAL
• concentration-dependent
• highly effective against Gram- aerobes, some Gram+ aerobes

Question 8

Enrofloxacin MOA

Answer 8

inhibits DNA gyrase (facilitates DNA replication or transcription)

Question 9

Enrofloxacin Adverse Effects

Answer 9

• cats: actue retinal degeneration

Question 10

Silver Sulfadiazine Classification

Answer 10

• sulfonamide antibiotic
• bacteriCIDAL
• Broad spectrum: Gram+/- bacteria, yeast/fungal infections

Question 11

Sulfonamides MOA

Answer 11

• disrupts cell wall and membrane
• inhibition of DNA replication

Question 12

Amikacin Classification

Answer 12

• aminoglycoside antibiotic
• treats serious Gram- infections
• bacteriCIDAL
• concentration dependent

Question 13

Amikacin MOA

Answer 13

irreversibly binds 30S ribosomal unit - inhibiting protein synthesis

Question 14

Amikacin Adverse Effets

Answer 14

• OTOtoxicity (8th cranial nerve lol)
• nephrotoxicity

Question 15

Meloxicam MOA

Answer 15

• NSAID: COX-2 preferential (NOT specific!)

Question 16

Calcium Gluconate MOA

Answer 16

• given in the form of complexes for hypocalcemia
• essential element required for many functions ok cool

Question 17

Povidone-Iodine solution (betadine) Classification

Answer 17

• iodophore antiseptic
• bacteriCIDAL
• spectrum against Gram+/- bacteria

Question 18

Povidone-Iodine solution (betadine) MOA

Answer 18

• slowly releasing iodine to tissues
• since small molecule, iodine rapidly penetrates into microorganisms and oxidizes proteins, nucleotides, and fatty acids —> leading to cell death

Question 19

Chlorhexidine Diacetate Classification

Answer 19

• biguanide broad spectrum antiseptic
• bacteriCIDAL (at high conc.), bacteriSTATIC (at low conc.)
• concentration dependent
• longer residual activity
• better activity against Gram+ > Gram-

Question 20

Isofluorane MOA

Answer 20

• rapidly absorbed from alveoli because of LOW blood solubility (blood gas partition coefficient)