Victory Of Parliament (1642-46) Flashcards
(16 cards)
What role did the king play in controlling the army and nobility in 1642-43
The king controlled much of the country and benefited from the support of most gentry and nobility. He also controlled the existing officer corps and was well assisted by his nephews, Prince Rupert of the Rhine and Maurice of Nassau
Where did Prince Rupert and Nassau gain their experience
They both gained experience fighting in the Thirty Years War (1618–48)
Where did the royalists win in Oct 1642
Battle Of Edgehill
What was the significance of the royalist forces’ success in October 1642
The royalist forces gained a marginal advantage at the Battle of Edgehill, marking an early victory for the king in the English Civil War.
What financial measure did Pym establish in 1643
Pym established an excise tax in the parliamentary areas to maintain parliamentary forces
What was Pym’s fate after his death in 1643
He succeeded in persuading the Commons to sign a Solemn League and Covenant with the Scottish forces
When was the Battle Of Marston Moor
July 1644
What was the purpose of the Solemn League and Covenant with the Scottish forces
To bring effective and experienced Scottish forces into the fight for parliamentary forces in the north
How did the Scottish army influence the outcome of the Civil War
Their instrumental role in the parliamentary victory at Marston Moor in July 1644 was significant in the overall victory of parliamentary forces.
What was the reason behind the creation of the New Model Army
Poor performance by the parliamentary leader, the Earl of Essex
After failed peace talks at Uxbridge in early 1645, a motion was presented in parliament for a Self-Denying Ordinance, leading to the creation of the New Model Army
How was the New Model Army formed
It was formed by uniting the existing parliamentary forces into a single, more disciplined and effective army
Who was Sir Thomas Fairfax and what was his significance
Fairfax was a proven talent as a soldier and leader, chosen to command the New Model Army, and he contributed significantly to its discipline, cohesion, and morale
How did the New Model Army differ from previous parliamentary forces
It was a professional, disciplined, and well-trained army, rather than a collection of loosely organized militia units
How many soldiers were in the New Model Army
22,000
What role did the New Model Army play at the Battle of Naseby in June 1645
The army’s success at Naseby in June 1645 was a decisive victory that effectively secured parliamentary control and was a turning point in the Civil War
How did the army’s formation reflect the political and religious sentiments of the time
It was seen as an army of the godly, representing Puritan ideals, and was acceptable to the religious and political factions supporting Parliament
