Vietnam war (2)

Question 1

Why was HO Chi minh relevant? (2)

Answer 1

• led anti JAP resistance

- 1930 founded the comm party

Question 2

When did the french want to rule again?

Answer 2

-1945

Question 3

Who backed HCM and when?

Answer 3

-china and in 1949

Question 4

How did USA contribute to france war effort and when did they pull out.

Answer 4

-USa gave 500 mill and france pulled out in 54

Question 5

after the ceasefire why did the US prevent an election?

Answer 5

• wanted to prevent it bc of fear that HCM would win and comm would spread even further

Question 6

who did the USA back and when?

Answer 6

• Diems regime and in 1955

Question 7

Why was the Diem unpopular? (4)

Answer 7

• anti comm
• peasants treated badly
• corrupt
• christian and no respect for Buddhism

Question 8

How much money did the US give to the Diems regime?

Answer 8

1,6 billion

Question 9

Whom were the veit cong and when were they ‘created’

Answer 9

• national front for liberation of south veitname

- December 1960

Question 10

Why did the VC have peasant support?

Answer 10

Because they were communists

Question 11

When did Pknn send people to Viet and who did he send?

- Who was he in support of?

Answer 11

• sent military personnel
• 1963
• supported south V

Question 12

When was PKENN assassinated?

Answer 12

November 1963

Question 13

What was lydon b jhonsons view on containment?

Answer 13

Conflict for containment was okay

Question 14

When was the gulf of Tonkin

- what happened>

Answer 14

August 1964

- NthV opened fire on US ships this was WAR

Question 15

When did US start bombing cities and factories?

Answer 15

Febuarary 1965

Question 16

When were US troops sent and how many?

Answer 16

• March 1965

- 350,000

Question 17

Why were troops sent? (3)

Answer 17

• Domino theory
• containment
• ‘61 army industrial complex (businesses benefitting from war)

Question 18

In the early ‘65 how many troops did the VC have? what did this mean?

Answer 18

170,000

outmanned by US

Question 19

Nov ‘65 what happened?

Answer 19

-US killed 2000, lost 300

Question 20

What did geurilla warfare include? (10)

Answer 20

• Retreat when enemy attacks, raid camps and persue enemy retreat
• no unirform
• no bases or HQ
• Attack then disappear into jungle/ underground
• 51% combat ambushes
• broke morale
• 11% US casualties bc of booby traps
• 240 KM tunnels
• Corteous 2 civilians unless opposed

Question 21

Between 1966 and 1971 how many civilians were killed by the VC

Answer 21

270,000

Question 22

How did the VC get there supplies?

Answer 22

-dependent on NTHV

HCM trail- 40,000 workers to keep it open

Question 23

How was Commitment an +

-how many were killed?

Answer 23

• 1 mill VC + NV ded

- always replacement troops

Question 24

What were the Main for US tactics?

Answer 24

• SEARCH AND DESTROY
• BOMBING
• CHEMICAL WEAPONS
• US TROOPS

Question 25

Searrch and destroy - What - Disadvantages

Answer 25

- raids were not based on enough info bc of G warfare tactics - traps - Killed innocent civilians - made them unpopular and push supporters towards Nth V

Question 26

Chemical weapons | - What

Answer 26

-Agent orange - 82 mill litres sprayed 1000's of KM of jungle -Napalm - destroyed jungle burned through skin - civillians and soldiers harmed

Question 27

US Troops + and -

Answer 27

- Young avg age 19 - most of them were poor immigrants - knew little about war - low morale

Question 28

Bombing ( us tactics)

Answer 28

-damaged nthv war effort and 1970-1972 intense bombing let to negotiations

Question 29

TET OFFENSIVE - what -when was it consequences

Answer 29

- Military campaign - 30th January 1968 - VC tried to capture US embassy in Saigon

Question 30

Why was the tet a disaster for comm?

Answer 30

- lost 10,000 fighters lost

Question 31

How much was spent on war and how many troops? What did they have to their advantage

Answer 31

- 50,000 troops - 20 bill spent - had large air power

Question 32

How was the TET affected in the media?

Answer 32

- Made US question war | deemed more effort and time than necessary

Question 33

Why was the anti war opinion popular?

Answer 33

- too much money | - racially inequal

Question 34

How was the war racially unequal?

Answer 34

- 30% african american | - 19% white

Question 35

What did the peace movement consist of?

Answer 35

media war moral corruption -anti war protests

Question 36

what were the demonstrations of 1968 like?

Answer 36

- 100 demonstrations | - 400,000 students

Question 37

What happened in DC in terms of anti war?

Answer 37

- november 1969 | - 700,000 anti war demonstrated outside white house

Question 38

what was the my lai massacre?

Answer 38

- March 1969 - US charlie company search and destroy (were told my lai was a VC HQ and had 200 VC soldiers) - ordered to destory livestock, houses, villages - was an assumed market day - 16th march in 4 hrs 300-400 civilians killed women, old and kids- NO VC

Question 39

what was the read to my lai

Answer 39

-shock

Question 40

When did nixon come to power?

Answer 40

- November 1968

Question 41

What did nixon do in vietnam?

Answer 41

- increased bombing - Peace neg with NTV - Vietnamisation of war effort - improved relations with china,

Question 42

When did most of the troops leave Viet and how many?

Answer 42

April 1961- end of 79 - 400,000 troops left V

Question 43

What happened in 1969 in terms of US and relations?

Answer 43

- Ussr and china had imporved relations with US

Question 44

When was a peace agreement signed? and what was it reffered to as?

Answer 44

- Janurary 1973 | - peace with honour

Question 45

When did the last us force leave?

Answer 45

March 1973

Question 46

when did comm win and what happened?

Answer 46

- april 1975 saigon fell to comm forces

Question 47

Why did US lose the war?

Answer 47

- Us tactics - tet offensive - VC tactics - citezens in US -anti war - Problems back home

Question 48

How did veitnam war affect containment?

Answer 48

- military fail - strategic fail -domino theory - propaganda disaster - foreign policy