Who was to blame for the Cold war (2)

Question 1

What is a cold war?

Answer 1

no actually fighting just tension between countries

Question 2

Who were the allies against hitler and what united them?

Answer 2

• USA
• UK
• Soviet Union
• AH most common danger

Question 3

Why were relations harmed between UK and USSR harmed + what year?

Answer 3

• in the 30’s

- bc of appeasement

Question 4

When was the nazi soviet pact signed?

Answer 4

24th AUG 1939

Question 5

What were the USA ideologies?

Answer 5

• capitalist
• wealthiest country
• equality - free of control
• ‘doing the right thing’

Question 6

What were the USSR ideologies?

Answer 6

• Communist
• econ supowerpower- less that USA
• Rights tightly controlled
• Selfish building of own econ and country

Question 7

When was the yalta conference?

Answer 7

Feburary 1945

Question 8

What were the disagreements of the yalta conference

Answer 8

• Poland

- stalin wanted to move borders westward and the west was unhappy about these plans

Question 9

What were the agreements of the yalta conference?

Answer 9

• GERMANY - divided into 4 zones
• EAST EU- soviet sphere of influence
• UN
• WAR CRIMINALS - Punish them
• JAPAN- stalin went to war in JAP after Ger surrendered
• ELECTIONS - free elections

Question 10

Why was poland important?

Answer 10

It was the largest country in the East EU

Question 11

Who were the london poles?

Answer 11

Pole gove fled to london
strong anti soviets
-catholics
-landowners

Question 12

Who were the lupin poles?

Answer 12

• Jully 44. soviet union, future government of poland

- mostly comm

Question 13

What happened on August 1944

Answer 13

• warsaw uprising
• nazi crushed uprising - 300,000 poles were killed
• red army liberated warsaw

Question 14

When did the red army take control of poland

Answer 14

January 1945

Question 15

Why did russia refuse to let the london poles have control?

Answer 15

• not comm

Question 16

what happened 16th March 45?

Answer 16

comm resistance arrested by stalin

Question 17

When was the potsdam conference held?

Answer 17

17th july -august 1945

Question 18

why had relationships changed since yalta? (5)

Answer 18

• new US president -Truman
• S occupation of East EU
• comm gov in poland
• east eu= defensive measure
• s left troops in occupied countries

Question 19

When did the allies test the atomic bomb?

Answer 19

-16th July 1945

Question 20

What were the disagreements at the potsdam conference?

Answer 20

• GERMANY -S wanted to cripple ger. truman didn’t want repeat of TOV
• REPARATIONS- 20 mill rue dead, S wanted compensation
• EAST EU - T unhappy with stalins attitude - get tough

Question 21

What were the key decisions to do with potsdam? (5)

Answer 21

• ger division
• de nazification
• s wanted compensation
• ger terrirtory
• S agreed to demands Eg Japan

Question 22

Why was Potsdam the start of the cold war?

Answer 22

heightened the mistrust between nations

Question 23

when did the iron curtain come down - what does this mean

Answer 23

• 5th march 1946

- divide in east/west EU

Question 24

When was czechoslavakia ‘liberated’

Answer 24

9th may 1945

Question 25

Who led the czech gov?

Answer 25

Benes- left wing

Question 26

what was marshall aid?

Answer 26

- econ pack from US aids with war recovery

Question 27

what did the SOviets want instead of Marshall aid? | What did stalin do?

Answer 27

Comecon was created | -prevented East eu from receiving it

Question 28

Why was Jan maseriqat murdered?

Answer 28

-because he accepted marshall aid in January 1948 murdered

Question 29

What was the Truman doctrine about?

Answer 29

- Containment | USA spend money and advice to countries threatened by communism

Question 30

Czechoslovakia 1948

Answer 30

- coalition gov non comm and comm | - Gottwald (comm leader) controlled radio, army and police. Became prime minister- non comm arrested

Question 31

When was the berlin blockade?

Answer 31

- June 1948

Question 32

what was the berlin blockade and what did it symbolise?

Answer 32

- blocked supply lines, cut off 2 mill strong population of west, berlin became dependent on USSR - berlin symbolised freedom behind iron curtain

Question 33

What was the berlin airlift | -how long

Answer 33

10 months of airlifting supplies e.g. clothes food oil | -

Question 34

when was the blockade lifted by stalin

Answer 34

MAY 1949

Question 35

What were three consequences of B blockade

Answer 35

Divided Ger - pattern for cold war = suspicion - Powerful system __ demo system in heart of comm - divided for 4 years

Question 36

When and what was nato?

Answer 36

west powers allied - April 1949 West powers would defend and not interfere with internal affairs

Question 37

When and what was COMIFORM

Answer 37

Politcal, in 1947 brought together all the EU comm parties

Question 38

Comecon - what?

Answer 38

- States must trade with comecon | - set up to coordinate econ polices

Question 39

Why was USA more responsible for increased tension - explain each one

Answer 39

- NATO (12 states, collective security, S left out) - ATOMIC BOMB - (makes RSA feel threatened) - GREEK CIVIL WAR- (uk monarchy, rsa comm= clash) - TRUMAN DOCTRINE - (Containment, unsympethetic to USSR) - NEW WEST GER STATE - ( alliance = threat to S, ideologies) - MARSHALL AID - (Usa exert influence, political effect, boost own econ)

Question 40

How was the USSR more responsible for tension - explain each (7)

Answer 40

FIXED ELECTIONS ( comm, S untrushworthy, force/manipulation) BERLIN BLOCKADE - (challenge west, S increase sphere of influence, made berlin dependent on USSR) - COILITION GOV- 1945 romania - BANNED OTHER PARTIES (rigged elections, czech and hungry '48) - PREVENTION OF MARSHALL AID - CONTROL OF CZECH - OPP LEADERS ARRESTED - COMECON/COMIFORM (political org for comm, s increased power)