VIEWS ON NURSING, HEALTH, AND ENVIRONMENT (1)

Question 1

who established the nursing as caring theory?

Answer 1

anne boykin & savina schoenhoffer

Question 2

metaparadigm: all persons are caring - enhanced through their participation in nurturing relationships with caring other

Answer 2

human beings - caring theory

Question 3

who said that caring is a process?

Answer 3

anne boykin & savina schoenhoffer

Question 4

metaparadigm: creating caring responses that nurture personhood and exists when the nurse actualizes personal and professional commitment to the belief that all persons are caring

Answer 4

nursing - caring theory

Question 5

“nursing is both a discipline and a profession”

Answer 5

caring theory

Question 6

aims to discover, create, develop, and refine nursing knowledge

Answer 6

nursing as discipline

Question 7

focuses on the application of this nursing knowledge in response to human need and situations

Answer 7

nursing as profession

Question 8

who created the transcultural nursing theory?

Answer 8

madeleine leininger

Question 9

the purpose of this theory is to discover and establish a body of knowledge and skills focused on transcultural care, health, and illness in order to assist nurses in giving cultural competent, safe, and congruent care to people of diverse culture worldwide

Answer 9

transcultural nursing theory

Question 10

focuses on the comparative study and analysis of cultures with respect to nursing, health illness, caring practices, beliefs, and the patterns of behavior

Answer 10

transcultural nursing theory

Question 11

metaparadigm: is caring and capable of being concerned about others

Answer 11

person - transcultural theory

Question 12

metaparadigm: not specifically defined; closely related to the concept of culture

Answer 12

environment - transcultural theory

Question 13

metaparadigm: ability of individuals to perform their roles

Answer 13

health - transcultural theory

Question 14

metaparadigm: refers to a state of well-beings, or a restorative state that is culturally constituted, defined, valued, and practiced by individuals, or groups and that enables them to function in their daily lives

Answer 14

health - transcultural theory

Question 15

metaparadigm: focuses on personalized behaviors, functions, processes to promote and maintain health or recovery from illness

Answer 15

nursing - transcultural theory

Question 16

3 modes of nursing care

Answer 16

• preservation or maintenance
• accommodation or negotiation
• restructuring or repatterning

Question 17

assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions

Answer 17

culture care preservation or maintenance

Question 18

helps people of a designated culture to adapt or negotiate with others for meaning, beneficial congruent health outcomes

Answer 18

culture care accommodation or negotiation

Question 19

helps clients reorder, change, or modify their lifeways for new different and beneficial health outcomes

Answer 19

culture care restructuring or repatterning

Question 20

refers to assisting, supporting, or enabling behaviors that ease a person’s condition

Answer 20

human caring

Question 21

refers to patterned lifeways, values, beliefs, norms, symbols, and practices of individuals, groups that are learned, shared, and usually transmitted to one generation to another

Answer 21

culture

Question 22

refers to the values and beliefs that assist, support, or enable another person or group to maintain well-being, improve personal condition, or face death, or disability

Answer 22

culture care

Question 23

indicates the differences in meaning, patterns, values, lifeways, or symbols of care within and between cultures and human beings

Answer 23

culture care diversity

Question 24

commonalities of values, norms of behavior and life patterns that are similar among different cultures

Answer 24

culture - universals

Question 25

refers to dynamic holistic and interrelated patterns of structured feature of a culture

Answer 25

cultural and social structure dimensions

Question 26

who established as expanding consciousness

Answer 26

margaret newman

Question 27

metaparadigm: centers of consciousness with an overall pattern of expanding consciousness

Answer 27

human - expanding consciousness

Question 28

metaparadigm: health and illness are synthesized as ___

Answer 28

health - expanding consciousness

Question 29

metaparadigm: caring in the human health experience

Answer 29

nursing - expanding consciousness

Question 30

metaparadigm: seen as a partnership between the nurse and client, with both growing in the sense of higher levels of consciousness

Answer 30

nursing - expanding consciousness

Question 31

metaparadigm: universe of open systems

Answer 31

environment - expanding consciousness

Question 32

who created the human becoming theory?

Answer 32

rosemarie rizzo parse

Question 33

metaparadigm: open being who is more than and different from the sum of the parts

Answer 33

person - human becoming

Question 34

metaparadigm: everything in the person and his experiences; inseparable, complimentary to and evolving with

Answer 34

environment - human becoming

Question 35

metaparadigm: open process of being and becoming; involves synthesis of values

Answer 35

health - human becoming

Question 36

metaparadigm: a human science and art that uses an abstract body of knowledge to serve people

Answer 36

nursing - human becoming

Question 37

human is coexisting while co-constituting rhythmical patterns with the universe

Answer 37

assumptions about man - human becoming

Question 38

is unitary human-living-health; human’s patterns of relating value priorities

Answer 38

assumptions about becoming - human becoming

Question 39

3 major assumptions of human becoming

Answer 39

• meaning
• rhythmicity
• transcendence

Question 40

freely choosing personal meaning in situations in the intersubjective process of living value priorities

Answer 40

meaning

Question 41

human becoming is co-creating rhythmical patterns of relating in mutual process with the universe

Answer 41

rhythmicity

Question 42

refers to reaching out and beyond the limits that a person sets

Answer 42

transcendence