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Hemolymphatics > Viral & Bacterial Pathogens of the Haemolymphatic System > Flashcards

Viral & Bacterial Pathogens of the Haemolymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

hemolytic infectious anemia is due to

A

direct damage to red cells or increased erythrophagocytosis

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2
Q

Hemorrhagic infectious anemia is typically due to

A

blood-sucking parasites

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3
Q

What are causes of hemolytic anemia in cattle?

A
  • Babesiosis
  • bacillary hemoglobinuria
  • lepto
  • anaplasmosis
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4
Q

What are causes of inadequate production of RBCs causing anemia in cattle?

A
  • Chronic BVDV
  • Johne’s Dz
  • Other chronic infections (e.g enzootic bovine leukosis)
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5
Q

What causes anemia in sheep?

A

Mycoplasma ovis

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6
Q

What causes anemia in pigs?

A

Leptospirosis
Mycoplasma suis

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7
Q

What causes anemia in horses?

A

EIA
Equine ehrlichiosis

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8
Q

What causes anemia in dogs?

A
  • Mycoplasma hemocanis
  • Ehrlichia canis
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9
Q

What causes anemia in cats?

A

FIA
FeLV
FIV

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10
Q

What causes anemia in poultry?

A

Chick anemia virus
Aegyptianella pullorum

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11
Q

Hemorrhage may be caused by…

A

blood loss from parasites
coagulopathy
vasculitis

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12
Q

What may cause hemorrhage in cattle?

A
  • Posterior vena caval thrombosis
  • Mycotoxins
  • Heartwater
  • Anthrax
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13
Q

What may cause hemorrhage in sheep?

A
  • Bacillary hemoglobinuria
  • Bluetongue
  • Anthrax
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14
Q

What may cause hemorrhage in Equines?

A
  • Mycotoxins
  • EVA
  • EIA
  • African horse sickness
  • Anaplasma phagocytophilum
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15
Q

What may cause hemorrhage in dogs?

A
  • leptospirosis
  • infectious canine hepatitis
  • canine monocytic ehrlichiosis
  • canine cyclic thrombocytopenia
  • Rocky mountain spotted fever
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16
Q

What can cause splenomegaly in ruminants?

A
  • Salmonellosis
  • Lymphosarcoma
  • Anthrax
  • Anaplasmosis
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17
Q

What can cause splenomegaly in pigs?

A
  • Salmonellosis
  • African Swine fever
  • Eperythrozoon suis
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18
Q

What may cause splenomegaly in horses?

A

Salmonellosis
EIA

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19
Q

What may cause splenomegaly in cats?

A

lymphosarcoma

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20
Q

What may cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, or lymphadenopathy in cattle?

A
  • cutaneous actinobacillosis
  • TB
  • enzootic bovine leukosis
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21
Q

What may cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, or lymphadenopathy in sheep?

A
  • Caseous lymphadenitis
  • Tick pyaemia
  • Tularemia
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22
Q

What may cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, or lymphadenopathy in equines?

A

Strangles
Tularemia
Strep spp.
Sporotrichosis
Farcy
Ulcerative lymphangitis
Epizootic lymphangitis

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23
Q

What may cause lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, or lymphadenopathy in cats?

A

Feline leukemia
feline plague
tularemia

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24
Q

What is neutrophilia?

A

A response to inflammation with release of reserve neutrophils

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25
Q

Explain chronic neutrophilia.

A

‘Closed cavity’ inflammatory process

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26
Q

What can cause chronic neutrophilia?

A

pyometra in dogs
traumatic reticuloperitonitis in cattle

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27
Q

What can cause extreme neutrophilia?

A

Hepatazoon canis
Leukemia

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28
Q

What is the mechanism of leukopenia?

A

Direct damage to circulating leukocytes affecting bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus

29
Q

What is a non-specific cause of leukopenia?

A

Severe bacterial infection, septicemia

30
Q

What causes tick-borne fever in ruminants?

A
  • Anaplasma phagocytophilum
31
Q

What is the vector that causes tick-borne fever in ruminants?

A
  • Ixodes spp.
32
Q

Once a ruminant recovers from tick-borne fever, they remain… but can … and act as…

A

remain: carriers
can: resist further infections
act as: reservoirs

33
Q

What are clinical signs in ruminants for tick-borne fever?

A
  • fever, inappetence, conjunctivitis, milk drop, abortion
  • immunosuppression
34
Q

What are clinical signs of tick-borne fever in sheep specifically?

A

louping ill
tick pyemia

35
Q

What organism causes equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis?

A

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ehrlichia equi)

36
Q

What are clinical signs of equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis?

A

Fever
listlessness
limb edema
petechiae
icterus
Ataxia

37
Q

What disease in dogs can have neutrophilia &/or leukopenia?

A

Parvovirus

38
Q

What disease(s) in cats can have neutrophilia &/or leukopenia?

A

Feline panleukopenia
FIV
FeLV

39
Q

What tissues are affected by feline panleukopenia?

A

Bone marrow
thymus
lymphoid tissue

40
Q

What are some causes of leukosis/lymphoproliferative disease in cattle?

A

Enzootic bovine leukosis due to bovine leukemia virus (Deltaretrovirus)

41
Q

What are clinical signs of enzootic bovine leukosis?

A

enlarged LN
Weight loss
Drop in milk production
Variable signs depending on site of tumor

42
Q

How do you diagnose enzootic bovine leukosis?

A

Lymphocytosis
Pathology
Serology: AGID, ELISA
Sporadic lymphosarcomas?

43
Q

What can cause leukosis/ lymphoproliferative disease in cats?

A

Feline leukemia/sarcoma virus
FIV

44
Q

What are the four subgroups of FeLV?

A

FeLV-A: transmitted naturally, replication competent
FeLV-B: arises through recombination
FeLV-C: arises through mutation
FeLV-T: arises through genetic insertion & resulting change to envelop protein

45
Q

Where does the FeLV reside?

A

in saliva, urine, feces, milk

46
Q

What condition is required for transmission of FeLV?

A

close contact

47
Q

What are clinical signs of FeLV?

A

Fever, lymphadenopathy
Symptomless period

48
Q

What type of non-neoplastic FeLV causes immunosuppression?

A

FeLV-T

49
Q

What type of non-neoplastic FeLV causes anemia?

A

FeLV-C

50
Q

What are clinical signs of non-neoplastic FeLV?

A

immunosuppression
anemia
enteritis
reproductive failure

51
Q

What are clinical signs of neoplastic FeLV?

A

lymphoid/lymphosarcoma
myeloid
thymic lymphoma, T-cell

52
Q

What are causes of Leukosis/ leukemia in poultry?

A

Avian leukosis
Marek’s Disease

53
Q

Caseous lymphadenitis is caused by…

A

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

54
Q

Tick pyemia is caused by…

A

Staph aureus

55
Q

Tick-borne fever is caused by…

A

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

56
Q

Bacillary hemoglobinuria is caused by…

A

Clostridium hemolyticum

57
Q

Feline infectious anemia is caused by…

A

Mycoplasma hemofelis
Hemobartonella felis

58
Q

Strangles is caused by

A

Streptococcus equi

59
Q

Tuberculosis is caused by…

A

Mycobacterium bovis

60
Q

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by…

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

61
Q

Heartwater is caused by…

A

ehrlichia ruminantium

62
Q

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is caused by…

A

Ehrlichia ewingii

63
Q

Canine cyclic thrombocytopenia is caused by…

A

Anaplasma platys

64
Q

Plague is caused by…

A

Yersinia pestis

65
Q

Tularemia is caused by…

A

Francisella tularensis

66
Q

Anthrax is caused by…

A

Bacillus anthracis

67
Q

Glanders is caused by…

A

Burkholderia mallei

68
Q

What fungi affect the hemolymphatic system?

A

Sporothrix schenkii
Histoplasma farciminosum

69
Q

What viruses affect the hemolymphatic system?

A

Feline leukemia virus
feline immunodeficiency virus
Avian leukosis
Marek’s disease
Gumboro disease
Chick anemia virus
Enzootic bovine leukosis
EIA
African horse sickness
bluetongue virus

Hemolymphatics (21 decks)

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