Virus Lifecycle

Question 1

What is required for virus replication

Answer 1

The right host (tropism)
Cells with the right receptors (susceptible)
Appropriate intracellular environment (permissive)
Biosynthesis Machinery
Abundant building blocks (Nucleotides, AA, ATP, lipids, sugars etc.)
Time to finish replication

Question 2

Steps of Replication

Answer 2

1. Recognition of target cell
2. Attachment
3. Entry: Penetration or Fusion
4. Uncoating
5. Transcription of mRNA
6. Protein Synthesis (host machinery)
7. Replication of the genome
8. Assembly of virions
9. Egress:lysis, budding, exocytosis

Question 3

Host Range

Answer 3

The preferred species

Question 4

Tissue Tropism

Answer 4

The preferred cell type

Question 5

Permissive

Answer 5

Cells that support virus replication and virion synthesis

Question 6

Susceptible

Answer 6

Cells that a virus can enter

Question 7

Abortive Infection

Answer 7

Replication is incomplete

Question 8

Single-step Virus Growth Curve

Answer 8

Eclipse: no virus is recovered during the replication and assembly phases
Maturation and release: virus particles are made and can infect other cells
Burst Size: the number of infectious viral progeny from a single round of replication (this is distinct for each virus)