Visceral Nervous System Flashcards
(21 cards)
Visceral nerves turn into what two nervous systems?
Sympathetic (Thoracolumber) Parasympathetic (Craniosacral)
Where does the sympathetic system reside?
Thoracolumbar regions
Two functions of the sympathetic nervous system?
Increased metabolism and alertness
The nickname of the sympathetic nervous system?
“Fight or Flight”
Parasympathetic regions reside where?
Cranial and Sacral Regions
Function of parasympathetic system?
Energy conservation
Nickname of parasympathetic system?
Rest and Digest
What saying does the sympathetic system cause?
Heart in the pit of the stomach feeling.
What saying does the parasympathetic system cause?
Once the brain takes over “Get your head back” or “get your head straight on your shoulder”
What 8 physiological symptoms are caused by the sympathetic system?
- Pulls blood from skin and digestive system. 2. Sends blood to skeletal muscles. 3. Increase energy production by skeletal muscles. 4. Release adipose 5. Contract erector pilli (Hair stands on end) 6. Pupils open. 7. Increase heart rate. 8. Respiratory system opens (+O2)
Sympathetic nerve pathway when staying on the same level. 4 steps
- Preganglionic neurons: Lateral horn of gray matter.
- Preganlionic fibers : White ramus communicans
- Synapse in Sympathetic chain (Ganglion).
- Postganglionic fibers: Gray ramus communicans.
Sympathetic pathway when changing spinal levels.
When the signal reaches the ganglion, it can go up or down the sympathetic trunk. It can synapse on any of those levels.
Why do nerves change levels?
Allows axons to innervate from all levels to protect from damage.
What are splanchnic nerves?
Preganglion fibers that do not synapse through the trunk and ganglia and gather at ganglia in the abdomen and pelvic regions. Levels T5 to L2.
Splanchnic nerves gather at ganglia located where?
Ganglia located around roots of major arteries that branch from abdominal aorta.
The ganglia at the abdominal aorta begin what kind of plexus?
Prevertebral plexus.
Where do postganglionic fibers in the prevertebral plexus lead?
They travel along arteries to viscera in the abdomen and pelvis.
The Parasympathetic System does what physiologically? 8 things.
- Pupil constriction 2. Enables digestion. 3. Increased smooth muscle activity 4. Bowels are stimulated and coordinated. 5. Contraction of urinary bladder. 6. Respiratory passages are contricted.(Normal) 7. Low heart rate. 8. Sexual arousal.
Are post ganglionic nerve fibers always necessary?
No. In the abdomen and pelvic region, many ganglion are in the tissues or the signal is embedded in the muscle.
What is the name of the nervous system in the intestine, and how is it remarkable?
Enteric Nervous System. Ganglia are embedded throughout the colon innervating the tissue directly.
What are the names of the Splanchnic nerve levels and their vertebral associations?
Greater Splanchnic Nerve – T5 to T9
Lesser Splanchnic Nerve – T9 to T10
Least Splanchnic Nerve – T12
Lumbar Splanchnic Nerve – L1 to L2
