Visual Perception 2 Flashcards
(54 cards)
which area in the visual filed of view are more likely to be perceived as figures rather than background
areas lower in the vf more likely to be figures than background
- areas in the upper visual field we see the sky/ceiling and the objects are usually lower
ex. cows against sky
is there a right or left preference for determing figure from background
no
figures are more likely to be perceived on the ___ side of the borders
convex
borders that bulge out
when we isolate or limit the objects in the image, the likelihood that the convex borders will appear as figures is …
decreased, meaning that segregation takes into account a wider scene
what is the border-color effect
the direction that the color is spreading defines the object
the grouping principles overpower what?
think of M and W example
past experience
gestalt psychologists thought that _____ is one of the first htings to happen in the perceptual process
-what did they argue
figure-ground
-they argued that figure must stand out from the ground in order to be recognized (and categrozied)
what experiment disproved gestalt psych saying figure-ground is one of the first things to happen
experiments by gibson and peterson (1994) showed that figure-ground perception can be influenced by the meaningfulness of the figure
ex. lady turned upside down cant tell background anymore
meaningfulness can influence the perception of a figure against a background which means that…
the process of recognition must occur at the same time or as right before the process of segregation (segregating the figure from the ground)
ex. either we segregate figure from the background at the same time as we recognize that its a lady or we recognize it as a lady and then segretate
in scene perceptions, the figure-ground segregation finds _______ in the perception of a scene
real-world applications
what does a scene contain
a background and multiple objects on the foreground that are organized in a meaningful way
objects in a scene are compact and are acted ___ while scenes are extended in space and are acted ____
acted upon
acted within
what are global image featuers
feathers w/in a scene that help us to perceive the gist of the scene
despite the complexity of a scene we can give a general description of the type of the scene. what is this known as
the gist of the scene
how fast can the gist of a scene be perceived w/in
w/in a fractin of a second (~250 ms)
what are the global image features
degree of naturalness degree of openness degree of expansion degree of roughness color
man-made scenes are dominated to be horiz and vert lines while natural scenes have texture and undulating contours. what is this known as
degree of naturalness
open scenes have a visible horizon line and contain few _____ .
what is this known as
objects
degree of openness
ex. ocean
rough scenes contain many _____ and are more complex
-what is this known as
objects
degree of roughness
ex. the forest and city have high degree bc many objects
scenes w/ parallel lines that _____ show a high degree of expansion
-what is this known as
converge
degree of expansion
ex. city scene has high degree of exp
-no 2 lines in the forest/ocean converge to a single point
some scenes have a predominant characteristic color, what is this known as
scene perception-color
ex. ocean blue and forest green
these global image features are holistic-must be applied to the _______ image, and rapidly perceived and do not contribute in perceiving ___and recognizing ___
whole
details, objects
global image features also demonstrate that _____ influences the perception of a scene
past experience
ex. we know the ocean is blue and therefore we get the gist of a scene w/ only this knowledge
other info we use for perceiving scenes are the ….
this happens….
regularities of the environment
-happens unconsciously
