Vital Signs

Question 1

vital signs are important because they tell us about:

Answer 1

metabolic stress
hemodynamic stability
safe participation in PT

Question 2

Systems involved in human movement and importance

Answer 2

Lungs
Heart
Muscles
Crucial systems for oxygen supply and transportation to tissues

Question 3

hemodynamic instability can lead to:

Answer 3

stroke, heart attack, aneurism, etc

Question 4

Resting values for adults
Heart rate

Answer 4

60-100

Question 5

Resting values for adults
Respiratory rate

Answer 5

12-18

Question 6

Maximum heart rate during exercise calculation

Answer 6

208-0.7(age)

Question 7

Heart rate during exercise as we age

Answer 7

HR and CO decrease with age
Oxygen supply will be more difficult

Question 8

Apical heart rate

Answer 8

asucultation at the point of maximal impulse (PMI)
5th intercostal space, midclavicular (apex of heart)
most accurate measure

Question 9

Peripheral pulse rate

Answer 9

palpation of the peripheral pulses most typically utilizing the radial, brachial, or femoral artery

Question 10

HR measurement length

Answer 10

usually for 15 sec and x 4= BPM
start at 0
count pulse on 15th second

Question 11

Why is it a bad idea to take pulse from carotid artery?

Answer 11

could induce bradycardia and pass out

Question 12

documentation of HR should include:

Answer 12

rate
location
strength
regularity
patterns

Question 13

documentation of HR
rate

Answer 13

bpm

Question 14

documentation of HR
location

Answer 14

apical vs peripheral artery

Question 15

documentation of HR
strength

Answer 15

bounding, strong
thready, weak

Question 16

documentation of HR
regularity

Answer 16

regular vs irregular

Question 17

documentation of HR
patterns

Answer 17

regularly irregular vs irregularly irregular

Question 18

Post exercise heart rate

Answer 18

minute 1 post exercise (peak HR-min 1 post ex HR)

Question 19

Rapid deceleration indicates

Answer 19

greater fitness and survival
drops more than 12 beats

Question 20

Delayed deceleration indicates

Answer 20

poorer fitness and survival
drops less than 12 beats

Question 21

Cardiac Output

Answer 21

amount of blood pumped/min
=HRxSV

Question 22

CO at rest

Answer 22

the fitter you are aerobically, the lower your resting HR is and the higher the CO
inverse with less fit
~5liters/min

Question 23

CO at exercise untrained

Answer 23

22L/min
195 bpm x 0.113L/beat

Question 24

CO at exercise world class trained

Answer 24

35 L/min
195 bpm x 0.179 L/beat

Question 25

Max CO during exercise men vs women

Answer 25

22L/min for young healthy males 15L/min for young healthy females

Question 26

HR response to exercises

Answer 26

responds in a linear fashion to the intensity of the activity

Question 27

Stroke volume response to exercise

Answer 27

rises and then levels off

Question 28

HR rises too quickly when

Answer 28

damage to 3 systems of movement

Question 29

Normal BP

Answer 29

<120 mm Hg and <80 mm HG

Question 30

Elevated BP

Answer 30

120-129 mm Hg and and 80 mm Hg

Question 31

Hypertension stage 1

Answer 31

130-139 mm Hg or 80-89 mm HG

Question 32

Hypertension stage 2

Answer 32

≥ 140 mm Hg or ≥ 90 mm HG

Question 33

BP response

Answer 33

normal systolic rises 10 mm Hg per increase in MET level diastolic generally no change

Question 34

Contraindications for choosing which arm to use for NBP

Answer 34

arm on side of mastectomy arm where a PICC line or central line is present arm where and AV fistula or graft is present arm with identified or suspected thrombus

Question 35

Precautions when choosing which arm to use for NBP

Answer 35

arm affected by stroke arm with an IV site avoid taking BP over clothes

Question 36

Oxygen consumption

Answer 36

VO2 = (Q) (a-v O2 difference)

Question 37

HR and VO2

Answer 37

tend to mirror eachother

Question 38

Gait as a vital sign normal community ambulation requires:

Answer 38

50-80 cm/sec or .5-.8 m/sec 1.1-1.8 mph

Question 39

Gait velocity as a vital sign- walking at an intersection at a traffic light requires:

Answer 39

.8-1.22 m/second

Question 40

Gait velocity as a vital sign- MDIC

Answer 40

is 0.04 m/s change

Question 41

10m walking test

Answer 41

20 meter path central 10 meters being the timing area start pt at beginning of 20 m line ask pt to "walk at a comfortbale pace"

Question 42

How does an acute bout of aerobic activity (conc/ecc ms activation) impact the following: HR VO2 SBP DBP RR

Answer 42

all increase w/ the exception of DBP

Question 43

Arm activity compared to equal leg activity affect on: HR SBP DBP

Answer 43

Arm movement has a greater affect, because vessels in arms are smaller and the heart must pump harder, as the leg vessels constrict during arm movement

Question 44

Chronic aerobic training affect on: HR VO2 SBP DBP Max VO2

Answer 44

HR-will not rise higher overtime VO2-increases SBP & DBP- Both will rise, but not to same extent when you were less conditioned Max VO2-increases

Question 45

Chronic aerobic training affect on RESTING HR, SBP, DBP

Answer 45

decrease resting HR because increase in vagal tone SBP&DBP will be lower

Question 46

Normal response to HR, SBP, & DBP during acute bout of isometric activity

Answer 46

All values will rise the longer and more intense the contraction gets, the higher they get

Question 47

Which type of contraction should be avoided w/ hypertensive adults?

Answer 47

isometric

Question 48

Strength and endurance (chronic resistance training) Compare response from training single ms or multiple ms:

Answer 48

movements involving multiple ms groups and more mass- the higher the response will be in HR,SBP&DBP

Question 49

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Resting value of SBP

Answer 49

<200 mmHG

Question 50

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Resting value of DBP

Answer 50

<110 mmHg

Question 51

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Resting value of HR

Answer 51

<120 bpm

Question 52

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Value of SBP that indicates when to stop exercising

Answer 52

>220-250 mmHg 10mmHg drop SBP with increasing work

Question 53

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Value of DBP that indicates when to stop exercising

Answer 53

>105-115 mmHg Caution DBP drops >10mmHg

Question 54

# Vital sign parameters in low risk adults Value of HR that indicates when to stop exercising

Answer 54

% of max HR decrease or failure of HR to increase with increasing work Caution: HR becomes irregular