vitamin Flashcards
(43 cards)
1
Q
1) Organ(s) affected by the functions of vitamin A: Select one or more: a. reproductive system b. eyes c. epidermis d. bones
A
a/b/c/d
2
Q
2) Belong(s) to trace elements, except: Select one or more: a. iodine b. calcium c. magnesium d. iron
A
b/c
3
Q
3) Which belong(s) to trace elements? Select one or more: a. selenium b. iron c. magnesium d. Cobalt
A
b
4
Q
4) True statement about optimal daily diet?
Select one:
a. The highest representation within lipids is that of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
b. The amount of dietary fiber intake is 15-20 g.
c. The amount of water intake is approx. 1-1.5 ml/kcal.
d. The amount of protein intake is 1-1.5 g/kg.
e. Energy content of protein intake exceeds that of lipids.
A
c
5
Q
5) What participates in vitamin B12 turnover? Select one or more: a. reticulocyte transferase b. intrinsic factor c. transcobalamin d. hepcidin
A
c
6
Q
6)What is the consequence of folic acid deficiency? Select one: a. decreased fatty acid metabolism b. altered protein synthesis c. fetal neural tube defects d. none of the answers are correct e. microcytic anemia
A
c
7
Q
7) Consequences of vitamin A deficiency: Select one or more: a. microcytic anemia b. decreased lipid metabolism c. xerophtalmia d. altered protein synthesis
A
c
8
Q
8) Which belongs to micronutrients, except: Select one: a. ascorbic acid b. potassium c. folic acid d. iron
A
b
9
Q
9) What are the effects of vitamin D:
Select one or more:
a. enhancement of calcium absorption in the intestine
b. enhancement of lymphocyte proliferation
c. enhancement of fluid retention in the kidneys
d. inhibition of parathyroid hormone synthesis
A
a/d
10
Q
10) Which belong(s) to trace elements? Select one or more: a. manganese b. iodine c. iron d. zinc
A
a/b/c/d
11
Q
11) Organ(s)/tissue(s) primarily altered in vitamin B12 deficiency? Select one or more: a. pancreas b. reproductive system c. nervous system d. adrenal gland
A
c
12
Q
12) What is the symptom of vitamin B1 deficiency? Select one: a. peripheral neuropathy b. cardiomyopathy c. ataxia d. all of the answers are correct e. memory alterations
A
d
13
Q
13) Increased folic acid requirement is characteristic in: Select one: a. increased physical activity b. iron deficiency anemia c. autoimmune diseases d. inflammation e. pregnancy
A
e
14
Q
14) What is the symptom of vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency? Select one: a. glossitis b. obstipation c. none of the answers are correct d. microcytic anemia e. proctitis
A
a
15
Q
15) What is the ratio of carbohydrate energy intake within the total energy intake? Select one: a. none of the answers are correct b. approx. 50% c. approx. 20% d. approx. 30% e. approx. 40%
A
b
16
Q
16) Vitamins are characterized by:
Select one:
a. The human body is able to synthesize them in small amounts.
b. At least weakly consumption is necessary due to storage.
c. They are not utilized for energy generation.
d. None of the answers are correct
e. In all cases, they are absorbed as active substances
A
c
17
Q
17) Deficiency of vitamin K is characterized by: Select one or more: a. a prolonged prothrombin time b. newborns are at increased risk c. an elevated platelet count d. keloid wound healing
A
a/b
18
Q
18) Biochemical reactions catalyzed by vitamin B12: Select one or more: a. transamination b. homocysteine-methionine conversion c. methylmalonyl coenzyme A conversion d. glycogenolysis
A
b/c
19
Q
19) Which belongs to micronutrients? Select one: a. none of the answers are correct b. beta-carotene c. calcium d. linoleic acid e. amylum (starch
A
b
20
Q
20) What are the effects of dietary fiber?
Select one:
a. They increase the transit time of consumed foods.
b. They decrease gas production of intestinal bacteria.
c. They increases the protective capabilities of intestinal lymphocytes.
d. They slow down carbohydrate absorption.
e. They increase amino acid absorption
A
d
21
Q
21) Primary alteration(s) in vitamin C deficiency: Select one or more: a. keloid wound healing b. bone weakening c. skin structure alterations d. mucus membrane bleedings
A
b/c/d
22
Q
22) Disease related to dietary deficiencies, except: Select one: a. nyctalopia (night blindness) b. scurvy c. ulcerative colitis d. xerophtalmia e. iron deficiency anemia
A
c
23
Q
23) Zinc containing proteins participate in:
Select one or more:
a. intracellular proteolysis
b. DNA-stabilization
c. spermatogenesis
d. binding of steroid hormone receptors to DNA
A
c
24
Q
24) Which belongs to micronutrients, except: Select one: a. potassium b. iodine c. ascorbic acid d. folic acid e. iron
A
a
25
25) True statements about dietary fibers, except:
Select one:
a. They slow down carbohydrate absorption.
b. They contribute to the maintenance of favorable intestinal bacterial flora.
c. They decrease the transit time of consumed foods.
d. They are an easily utilized carbohydrate energy source.
e. As a consequence of hydration, they thicken the lining of the intestine
d
26
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26) Predisposing condition for vitamin K deficiency:
Select one or more:
a. chronic pancreatitis
b. broad spectrum antibiotic treatment
c. gastro-esophageal reflux
d. peptic ulcer
```
a/b
27
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27) Organ(s) affected by the functions of vitamin A:
Select one or more:
a. bones
b. hematopoesis
c. epidermis
d. peripheral nerves
```
a/c
28
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28) Source(s) of vitamin A:
Select one or more:
a. retinoic acid
b. beta-carotene as provitamin
c. retinol
d. retinitis
```
b/c
29
29) What are the effects of vitamin K:
Select one or more:
a. it stimulates amino acid absorption in the intestine
b. it stimulates protein synthesis in the liver
c. it is required for gamma-carboxylation
d. it inhibits bile acid secretion
c
30
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30) Sources of vitamin B12:
Select one or more:
a. legumes
b. meat
c. citrus fruits
d. fish
```
b/d
31
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31) Essential amino acid:
Select one:
a. arginine
b. alanine
c. lysine
d. tyrosine
e. glutamic acid
```
c
32
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32) What is the characteristic role of the vitamin B complex?
Select one:
a. intracellular signaling material
b. intermediate metabolism product
c. allosteric stimulant
d. regulator of translation
e. coenzyme
```
e
33
```
33) Consequences of folic acid deficiency, except:
Select one:
a. altered protein synthesis
b. altered DNA-synthesis
c. decreased erythroid proliferation
d. fetal neural tube defects
e. macrocytic anemia
```
a
34
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34) Primary vitamin C activity(ies)?
Select one or more:
a. hydrating agent
b. proteolysis enhancer
c. reducing agent
d. antioxidant
```
c/d
35
35) Vitamins are characterized by, except:
Select one:
a. They can be absorbed as provitamins as well as active substance.
b. None of the answers are correct.
c. They serve as energy source in starvation.
d. They belong to micronutrients.
e. The human body is not able to synthesize them but animals and plants are.
c
36
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36) Disease related to dietary deficiencies, except:
Select one:
a. marasmus
b. megaloblastic anemia
c. peptic ulcer
d. goiter
e. pellagra
```
c
37
37) What is the symptom of vitamin B1 deficiency?
Select one:
a. all of the answers are correct
b. microcytic anemia
c. ataxia
d. atrophy of the small intestine mucus membrane
e. gastritis
c
38
```
38) Which disease may be related to dietary deficiencies?
Select one:
a. sickle cell anemia
b. peptic ulcer
c. goiter
d. ulcerative colitis
e. irritable bowel syndrome
```
c
39
39) Water soluble vitamins are characterized by:
Select one:
a. In certain cases, symptoms of excess intake can appear.
b. Excess amounts will be excreted with the urine.
c. Due to small B12 reserves, daily intake is needed.
d. In this group, the highest amount is needed of vitamin B1.
e. A daily amount exceeding 50 mg is needed of vitamins belonging to the B family
b
40
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40) Essential nutrient:
Select one:
a. dietary fiber
b. palmitic acid
c. alanine
d. gliadin
e. amylum (starch).
```
a
41
```
41) Essential nutrient, except:
Select one:
a. dietary fiber
b. ascorbic acid
c. amylum (starch)
d. linoleic acid
e. lysine
```
c
42
```
42) Which belongs to macronutrients?
Select one:
a. ergocalciferol
b. amylum (starch)
c. tocopherol
d. none of the answers are correct
e. iodine
```
d
43
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43) Which belongs to macronutrients?
Select one:
a. lactose
b. magnesium
c. chloride
d. all answers are correct
e. linoleic acid
```
d
