Vocab 11: Parts of the Cell Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Vocab 11: Parts of the Cell Deck (12)
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1
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site of Protein Synthesis. tiny spherical bodies composed of RNA and protein, floating free or attached to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum in the cytoplasm.

2
Q

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Tubes that extend throughout the cytoplasm. Smooth ER does not play a part in protein synthesis, it is a site of steroid and lipid synthesis, lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification.

3
Q

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Tubes that extend throughout the cytoplasm. Rough ER is studded with ribosomes, stores and transports the proteins made on ribosomes to other cell areas.

4
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends found close to the nucleus. Packages proteins or other substances for export from the cell or incorporation int other plasma membrane in packaging lysosomal enzymes.

5
Q

Lysosomes

A

Various sized membrane sacs containing digestive enzymes. Digests worn-out cell organelles and foreign substances. Have the capacity for total cell destruction.

6
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Similar to lysosomes but contain oxidase enzymes to digest alcohol, free radicals, and are abundant in liver and kidney cells.

7
Q

Mitochondria

A

“The power house of the cell” Produces ATP. Rod shaped bodies with a double membrane wall, inner membrane is folded, contains enzymes that oxidize food.

8
Q

Centrioles

A

Paired cyclindrical bodies that sit at right angles from one another. A pair is called a centrosome. direct the formation of the mitotic spindle during cell division, for the bases of cilia and flagella and in that role are called basal bodies.

9
Q

Cytoskeletal elements

A

For the internal scaffolding “the cytoskeleton” Cellular support, intracellular transport. 1. Microfilaments 2. Intermediate filaments 3. Microtubules

10
Q

Microfilaments

A

formed from actin, an are important to cell mobility esp in muscles.

11
Q

Intermediate filaments

A

stable elements composed of a variety of proteins and resist mechanical forces acting on cells

12
Q

Microtubules

A

form the internal structure of the centrioles and help determine cell shape.