Vocab 31-45 Flashcards

(15 cards)

1
Q
  1. Heredity/Herencia
A

• Passing on of Genetic information from
parents to offspring.

• Transmisión de información genética de
padres a hijos.

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2
Q
  1. Heterozygous/Heterocigótico
A

• Two different gene alleles.
– Ex. Tt, Ee

• Dos alelos genéticos diferentes.
– Ex. Tt, Ee

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3
Q
  1. Homozygous/Homocigótico
A

• Carries two of the SAME gene alleles
– Ex. TT, tt or EE, ee

• Porta dos de los MISMOS alelos
genéticos
– Ej. TT, tt o EE, ee

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4
Q
  1. Genotype/Genotipo
A

•The genetic code or alleles for a trait.
-Example TT or Tt or tt

•El código genético o alelos para un rasgo.
-Ejemplo TT o Tt o tt

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5
Q
  1. Phenotype/Fenotipo
A

•How a gene is seen on the outside.
-Ex. Tall or Short
-Blue eyes or Brown Eyes

•Cómo se ve un gen en el exterior.
-Ej. Alto o Bajo
-Ojos azules u ojos
marrones

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6
Q
  1. Dominant Allele (gene)/Alelo Dominante (gen)
A

• The allele always seen in the organisms appearance.
• Shown with Capital letters

• El alelo siempre visto en la apariencia de los organismos.
• Se muestra con letras mayúscula

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7
Q
  1. Recessive Allele
    Alelo Recesivo
A

• Only seen if the dominant gene is not present.
• Shown with lowercase letters
• Must have 2 recessive alleles present to see the recessive phenotype.

• Solo se ve si el gen dominante no está presente.
• Se muestra con letras minúsculas
• Debe tener 2 alelos recesivos presentes para ver el fenotipo recesivo.

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8
Q

38.DNA/ADN

A

-Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
-Nucleic acid made of a combination of four bases (A, C, T, G)

-Ácido Nucleico Desoxirribosa
-ácido nucleico hecho de una combinación de cuatro bases (A, C, T, G)

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9
Q
  1. RNA/ARN
A

-Ribose Nucleic Acid
-nucleic acid made of four bases (A, C, U,G)
-Takes the genetic message from the nucleus to the Ribosome.

-Ácido nucleico riboso
-ácido nucleico formado por cuatro bases (A, C, U, G)
-Lleva el mensaje genético desde el
núcleo hasta el ribosoma.

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10
Q
  1. Chromosome/Cromosoma
A

• Tightly coiled DNA.
• Humans have 23 pairs (46 total) of chromosomes.

• ADN fuertemente enrollado.
• Los seres humanos tienen 23 pares (46 en total) de cromosomas.

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11
Q
  1. Mutation/Mutación
A

• Change in the DNA sequence.
• SOMETIMES changes the protein.
• Gives living things more variety.

• Cambio en la secuencia de ADN.
• A VECES cambia la proteína.
• Da más variedad a los seres vivos.

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12
Q
  1. Variety/Variedad
A

• New gene combination
– example: darker color for camouflage,larger ears for better hearing.

• Nueva combinación de genes
– ejemplo: color más oscuro para camuflarse, orejas más grandes para una mejoraudición.

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13
Q
  1. Clone/Clon
A

•An EXACT genetic copy.
-ex. Identical twins, Plant cuttings

•Una copia genética EXACTA.
-ej. Gemelos idénticos, Esquejes de
plantas.

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14
Q
  1. Selective Breeding/Crianza selectiva
A

•Mating two organisms with the best traits.
-ex. Dogs (Labradoodle), corn (sweet corn)

•Apareamiento de dos organismos con las mejores características.
-ex. Perros (Labradoodle), maíz (maíz dulce)

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15
Q
  1. Genetic Engineering/Ingeniería genetica
A

Changing or adding to an organism’s DNA in order to make it better.

Cambiar o agregar al ADN de un
organismo para mejorarlo

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