Vocab 7 Flashcards

Question

AUD-, AUDIT- (audio → auditus)

Answer 1

‘to hear’ * AUDIT-orium; * AUDIT-ion; * AUDIO-meter, an instrument for measuring the acuity and range of hearing; * AUDIT-ive or AUDIT-ory, pertaining to heard sounds or the sense of hearing

Answer 2

‘short’ * BREV-ity; * ab-BREVI-ate; * BREVI-PED, having short legs; * BREVI-FOLI-ate, having short leaves; * BREVI-LINGU-al, with a short tongue

Answer 3

‘bubble’, ‘blister’ ‘to boil’ (bollire) * BULLA, a large bleb or blister forming either within or beneath the epidermis and filled with lymph; * VESI-oluo-BULL-ous, characterized by both vesicles and bullae at the same time NOTE: Not to be confused with the similar Greek root BUL- ‘will’ of List 1

Answer 4

‘to fall’, ‘to befall’ * CAD-ence; * de-CAD-ent; * de-CID-uous; * in-CID-ence, the act or manner of falling upon; the way in which one body strikes another, as angle of incidence

Answer 5

‘chamber’ * CAMERA; CAMER-ation, division into a number of separate chambers; * UNI-CAMER-al, having only one cavity or chamber

Answer 6

'dog’ * CAN-in-idae, family which includes dogs, wolves and jackals; * CAN-in-iform, having the form of a typical canine tooth NOTE: Not to be confused with the homonymous CAN- ‘white’ of List 10.

Answer 7

‘to take’, ‘to seize’ * CAPT-ive; * re-CEPT-ion; * CON-CEPT-ion; * EXTERO-CEPT-or, a receptor which receives stimuli from outside the body

Answer 8

‘hair’ * CAPELL-ini; * CAPILL-ary; * CAPILL-ar-ec-TAS-ia, dilatation of the capillaries; * CAPILL-aceous, having hairlike filaments

Answer 9

‘head’ * CAPIT-al; BI-CEPS; * CAPIT-ulum or CAPIT-ellum, knoblike swelling on the end of bone; * CAPIT-ell-idae, family of worms with small heads

Answer 10

‘to inhabit’ * FUNGI-COL-ous, living in or on fungi; * LATEBRI-COL-ous, inhabiting holes; * DESERTI-COL-ous, desert- inhabiting; * RADICI-COL-ous, with the flower seated immediately upon the crown of a root, or dwelling in the root, as a parasite NOTE: not to be confused with the similar Greek roots COL- ‘neck’ and COLL(A)- ‘glue’ of List 2 and 5 or the homonymous Latin roots COL- ‘below’.

Answer 11

‘neck’ * COLL-ar bone, the clavicle; * TORTI-COLL-ar, affected with wry- neck or TORTI-COLL-is

Answer 12

‘skin’ * CORIUM, the deep layer of the skin; * CORI-aceous, leathery (applies to leaves); * CORI-aria, a genus of poisonous shrubs used in dyeing and tanning

Answer 13

‘crown’; ‘little crown’ (corolla), diminutive form. * COROLLA, the petals of a flower; * COROLL-aceous, pertaining to a corolla; * CORON-illa, genus of flowers named for crown-shaped flowers

Answer 14

‘bark’, ‘outer layer’ * CORTEX, outer or more superficial part of an organ, the cerebral cortex; * infra-CORTIC-al, beneath the cortex; * CORTICI-PET-al, conducting toward the cortex

Answer 15

‘to creak’, ‘to crackle’ * de-CREPIT; * de-CREPIT-at-ion, the breaking up or crackling of certain crystals on heating; * CREPIT-at-ion or CREPIT-at-io or CREPITUS, the grating of fractured bones, or the crackling of a joint

Answer 16

‘crest’ * CRISTA, a crest; * CRISTA TERMIN-alis, crest on the wall of the right atrium; inter- * CRIST-al, between the surmounting ridges of a bone, organ or process (used particularly in intercristal diameter of pelvis, the distance between two clear crests)

Answer 17

‘cross’ * CRUCI-FY; ex-CRUCI-at-ing; * CRUCI-FER, a plant with four petals and tetradynamous stamens, a member of the family Cruciferae; * CRUCI-ate, cross-shaped

Answer 18

‘wedge’ * CUNE-iform; * CUNE-ate, wedge-shaped; * prae-CUNE-us, the medial surface of the parietal or the quadrate lobe of the cerebrum

Answer 19

‘hard’, ‘dura mater’ * en-DURE; * ob-DUR-ate; * in-DUR-at-ion, the hardening of a tissue or part; * epi-DUR-al, space between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal; * DUR-amen, hard darker central region of a tree stem, heart-wood

Answer 20

‘sword’ * ENS-iform, sword-shaped, as the ensiform cartilage

Answer 21

‘horse’ * EQU-estrian; * EQU-it-at-ion; * EQU-it-ant, overlapping saddle-wise, as leaves in a leaf-bud; * EQU-idae, family of mammals having a single extant genus, Equus, which includes the horse, ass and zebra

Answer 22

‘sickle’ * FALX, sickle-shaped fold of dura mater; * FALC-ate, sickle-shaped, hooked

Answer 23

'excrement’, ‘sediment’ * FAECA-LITH, concretion or calcified mass of faecal material (= COPRO-LITH); * FAEC-al-oid, resembling faeces; * FAEC-ula, the faecal pellet of an insect

Answer 24

‘to blow’ * ex-suf-FLAT-ion, forced discharge of breath; * FLAT-ul-ence, having gas in the stomach and intestinal tract

Answer 25

‘flower’ * FLOR-ist; * FLOR-id; * ef-FLOR-esc-ence, eruption of exanthemous disease; * extra-FLOR-al, situated outside the flower; * pre-FLOR-at-ion, the form and arrangement of flowers in the bud

Answer 26

‘arch’ * FORNIX, an arched body or surface, such as the fornix cerebri; * FORNIC-al, like or pertaining to a fornix

Answer 27

‘to flee’, ‘to put to flight’ * re-FUGE; * FUGI-tive; * NIDI-FUG-ous, leaving the nest soon after hatching; * CEREBRI-FUG-al, applies to nerve fibres which pass from the brain to the spinal cord; * LACTI-FUGE, a drug or agent that lessens the secretion of milk

Answer 28

‘to carry’, ‘to bear’ * di-GEST, to convert food in assimilable form; * in-GEST, to take substances into the body; * OVI-GER, a leg modified for carrying the eggs in some pycnogonids (sea spiders) NOTE: not to be confused with the Greek root GER- ‘old’ of List 1

Answer 29

‘heavy’ * in-GRAV-esc-ent, increasing in weight or severity; * GRAVI-GRADE, any of several large, heavy-footed mammals, as elephants; * PRIMI-GRAV-ida, a woman who is pregnant for the first time

Answer 30

‘drop’ * GUTT-er; GUTT-ate, having droplike markings; * GUTT-at-ion formation of drops of water on plants; * GUTT-iform, drop-shaped; * GUTT-ul-ate, in the form of a small drop, as markings

Answer 31

‘to lie’ * ad-JAC-ent, lying nearby, having a common border; * sub-JAC-ent, lying beneath

Answer 32

‘to slip’, ‘to fall’, ‘to glide’ * LAPSE; * col-LAPSE; * re-LAPSE; * LAB-ile, unstable, readily changing, moving from place to place; * LAB-il-ity, in psychiatry, very rapid fluctuation in intensity and modality of emotions NOTE: careful not to confuse with similar LABI- ‘lip’ of List 9

Answer 33

‘tear’ * LACRIM-al, pertaining to tears or to tear-secreting organs, the lacrimal bone; * NASO-LACRIM-al, pertaining to the nose and lacrimal apparatus

Answer 34

‘small pit’, ‘gap’ * LACUNA, a space between cells; a sinus; a cavity in bone; a small cavity or depression on the surface of lichens; a leaf gap; * LACUN-oso-RUG-ose, having deep furrows or pits, as some seeds and fruits

Answer 35

‘threshold’ * e-LIMIN-ate; * LIMEN, threshold, minimum stimulus or quantitative difference in stimulus that is perceptible, or boundary; * LIMEN NASI, boundary between the osseous and cartilaginous portions of the nasal cavity; * LIMIN-al, pertaining to a threshold, applies to stimulus, sensations

Answer 36

‘line’ * LINE-ar; * de-LINE-ate; * LINE-at-ion, an arrangement of lines; * LINE-ol-ate, marked by fine lines or striae

Answer 37

‘light’, ‘to shine’ * LUC-id; * e-LUC-id-ate; * NOCTI-LUC-ent, phosphorescent, luminescent; * LUCI-FUG-al, fleeing from or avoiding light

Answer 38

‘cheek’, ‘cheekbone’ * MAL-ar, pertaining to the cheek or to the zygoma NOTE: Don’t confuse with similae MAL(E)- ‘bad’ and MALLE ‘hammer’ of List 10

Answer 39

‘mother’ * MATRO-CLIN-ous, derived from or inherited from the maternal line; * MATR-ix, something within which something else originates or takes form or develops

Answer 40

‘soft’ * MOLL-ities, softness; * MOLL-SOL, surface layer of permanently frozen ground in which ice melts during the summer; * e-MOLL-ient, a substance used externally to soften the skin

Answer 41

‘mountain’ * MONTI-COL-ous, inhabiting mountainous regions; * MONT-iculus, largest part of the superior vermis of the cerebellum; * MONT-icules, small eminences or prominences

Answer 42

‘disease’ * MORB-id; * MORB-ose; * morbus anglicus, rickets; * morbus divinus or morbus caducus, epilepsy; * morbus hungaricus, typhus

Answer 43

‘to move’ * pro-MOTE; * de-MOT-ion; * OCULO-MOT-or, causing movements of the eyeball (applies to the third cranial nerve); * VENO-MOT-or, causing veins to contract or dilate

Answer 44

‘many’ * MULTI-CARIN-ate, having many carinae or ridges; * MULTI-COST-ate, with many ribs, ridges or veins; * MULTI-OCUL-ur, many-eyed

Answer 45

‘birthmark’, ‘mole’ * NAEVUS, birthmark; * NAEV-al, of or related to a naevus; * NAEVO-XANTHO-endo-THELIoma, a group or group of yellowish brown nodules sometimes found on extremities in early childhood

Answer 46

‘to be born’ * NAT-ive, * NAT-ure; * NAT-ion; * ad-NATE, congenitally attached or united; * in-NATE, inherited, present from birth; * ante-NAT-al, occurring or existing before birth, prenatal

Answer 47

‘nest’ * NID-at-ion, the renewal of uterine lining between menstrual periods; * de-NID-at-ion, disintegration and ejection of superficial part of uterine mucus; * NID-ament-al, applies to glands which secrete material for an eggcovering

Answer 48

‘eye’; ‘little eye’ = ocellus, Diminutive form * MON-OC-le; * OCELL-ate, like an eye or eyes, applies to marking in many animals; * TRANS-OCUL-ar, extending across the eye; * MON-OCULE, a one-eyed animal

Answer 49

‘palate’, ‘roof of the mouth’ * PALAT-ine, pertaining to or in the region of the palate (said of artery, bone, foramen); * PALAT-itis, inflammation of the palate; * PALAT-iform, resembling the palate

Answer 50

‘wall’ * PARIES, wall of a hollow structure; * PARIET-al, pertaining to or forming part of the wall of a structure (of cells, membrane, etc.), also the parietal bone in the roof of the skull; * UTERO-PARIET-al, pertaining to the uterus and abdominal wall

Answer 51

‘to suffer’, ‘to endure’ * PATI-ent; * PASS-ion, an intense emotion; com- * PAT-ibil-ity, congruity; the power of a medicine or a substance in a medicine to mix with another without deleterious chemical change or loss of therapeutic power; refers also to blood types

Answer 52

‘flat’ * PLANE; * de-PLAT-ate, levelled, flattened; * PLAN-at-ion, a process of erosion that produces flat surfaces; * PLAN-ula, very young, flat-bodied larva or free-swimming coelenterates NOTE: don’t confuse with Greek root PLAN- ‘wandering’ of List 4.

Answer 53

‘sole of the foot’, ‘sprout’ * PLANTA-, the sole of the foot, or the first tarsal joint of insects; * PLANTI-GRADE, walking on the full sole of the foot; * im-PLANT; * trans-PLANT-at-ion

Answer 54

‘bridge’ * PONT-oon; * PONTI-FF; * PONS, a process or bridge of tissue connection two parts of an organ, or a convex white eminence situated at the base of the brain; * CEREBRO-PONT-ine, relating to cerebrum and pons; * PONTO-BULB-ar, pertaining to the pons and the medulla oblongata

Answer 55

‘to itch’ * PRURITUS, itching; * anti-PRURIT-ic, relieving or preventing itching; * PRUR-igo, a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by itching

Answer 56

‘dust’ * PULVER-ize; * PULVI-PLUME, a powder-down feather; * PULVER-aceous, covered with a layer of powdery granules

Answer 57

‘cushion’; ‘little cushion’ (pulvillus), diminutive form. * PULVINUS, a cellular swelling at the junction of axis and leaf stalk; * PULVILLUS or PULVIN-ulus, pad, process or membrane on the foot or between the claws, the lobe between each claw

Answer 58

‘root’ * RADIC-al; * e-RADIC-ate; * RADIC-ul-ose, having many rootlets; * MONO-RADIC-ul-ar, having only one root; * MYELO-RADIC-ul-itis, inflammation of spinal cord and roots of spinal nerves

Answer 59

‘branch’ * RAMI-fic-at-ion; * RAM-ate,branched; * BI-RAM-ose, divided into two branches; * RAMI-FLOR-ous, having flowers on branches

Answer 60

‘to make straight’, ‘to rule’ (regere, v.); ‘straight’, ‘rectum’ (rectus, adj.) * REG-ent; * di-RECT; * ar-RECT-or a muscle which erects; para-RECT-al, beside or near the rectum; * REG-imen, a systematic plan or course to maintain or improve health

Answer 61

'net’, ‘network’ * RETE, a network or net; * RET-ina, the light-receptive layer and terminal expansion of the optic nerve in the eye; * RET-icle or RET-iculum, a delicate network of cell protoplasm

Answer 62

‘beak’ * ROSTRUM, beak or beaklike process; * LONGI-ROSTR-al, with a long beak; * ROST-ell-iform, shaped like a small beak

Answer 63

‘to break’, ‘to burst’ * ab-RUPT; * inter-RUPT; * ab-RUPT-ion; * RUPT-ure, a forcible tearing of a part, or a hernia; * RUPT-io, rupture of a vessel or organ

Answer 64

‘rock’ * SAXI-CAV-ous, applies to rockborers (as some molluscs), lithophagous; * SAXI-FRAGE, plant of the family Saxifraga, perennial herbs frequently found growing in rock crevices; * SAXI-COL-ous, inhabiting or growing around rocks

Answer 65

‘to cut’, ‘to split’ * re-SCIND; * SCISS-ile, separating, easily split; * ab-SCIND, to cut off; * dis-SCISS-ion, state of being torn apart

Answer 66

‘shield’ * ESCUT-cheon; * SCUTE, an external scale, as of reptiles, fish or scaly insects; * SCUT-ate protected by large scales or horny plates

Answer 67

‘old’ * SEN-ior; SEN-ate; * pre-SEN-il-ity, premature old age; * SEN-OP-ia, the change of vision in the aged in which persons formerly myopic acquire what seems to be normal vision because of presbyopia

Answer 68

‘saw’, ‘saw-tooth’ * SIERRA; * SERR-at-iform, like a saw; * sub-SERR-ate, somewhat notched or saw-toothed; * SERRI-CORN-ia, a genus of beetles with saw-toothed antennae

Answer 69

‘excrement’ * STERCO-BIL-in, the brown pigment of faeces; * STERC-oma, a fecalith, a hard faecal mass, usually in the rectum; * STERC-ul-ia, a type of plant with a fetid odour

Answer 70

‘furrow’, ‘groove’ * SULC-ate, furrowed, grooved; * BI-SULC-ate, having two grooves; * SULCO-MARGIN-al, situated at the margin of the spinal cord adjacent to the ventral median fissure

Answer 71

‘to touch’ * con-TACT; * con-TING-ent; * TACT-ile, pertaining to the sense of touch; * a-TACT-ia, loss of the tactile sense; * MYO-TACT-il-ic, relating to the muscular sense

Answer 72

‘to twist’ * TORT; * re-TORT; * TORT-ure; * dis-TORS-ion, the act of twisting; * LATERO-TORS-ion, a twisting to one side; con-TORTU-PLIC-ate, applies to a bud with contorted and plicate leaves

Answer 73

‘worm’ * VERMI-celli; * VERM-icul-at-ion, wormlike or peristaltic movement, or fine, wavy markings; * VERMI-LINGU-al, having a wormshaped tongue; * VERMI-PAR-ous, producing wormlike young, as do blowflies

Answer 74

‘bladder’, ‘blister’ * VESIC-le, a small bladder, especially a small sac containing fluid, a small bulla; * peri-VESICUL-itis, inflammation around a seminal vesicle; * VESIC-at-ion, the formation of a blister, or a blister itself.

Vocab 7 Flashcards

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